उत्तर लेखन के लिए रोडमैप प्रश्न की संरचना को समझें प्रथम भाग: क्षोभमंडल और समताप मंडल में ओजोन के निर्माण की प्रक्रियाओं में अंतर स्पष्ट करना। दोनों के निर्माण के वैज्ञानिक सिद्धांत और स्रोत। द्वितीय भाग: दोनों मंडलों में ओजोन की भूमिका का विश्लेषण। अच्छे और बुरे ...
Model Answer Distinctions Between Aridity and Drought Aridity: A permanent climatic condition where a region lacks sufficient life-promoting moisture. Aridity is measured by comparing long-term average water supply (precipitation) to demand (evapotranspiration). If demand exceeds supply, the regionRead more
Model Answer
Distinctions Between Aridity and Drought
- Aridity: A permanent climatic condition where a region lacks sufficient life-promoting moisture. Aridity is measured by comparing long-term average water supply (precipitation) to demand (evapotranspiration). If demand exceeds supply, the region is classified as arid. Aridity is a permanent feature of a region’s climate.
- Drought: A temporary period of abnormally dry weather that disrupts the hydrological balance. Drought is assessed on a shorter timescale, such as monthly, by analyzing deviations from normal moisture conditions and their hydrological impacts. Drought is a temporary phenomenon that may recur periodically.
Multi-Dimensional Impacts of Droughts
Water Supply
- Communities face limited access to water for essential uses like drinking, cooking, and sanitation.
- Disruptions in water-dependent sectors, such as transportation and power generation, exacerbate challenges.
Agriculture
- Crop failures and livestock losses significantly impact food production.
- Food price volatility from reduced agricultural output can trigger social unrest, migration, and famine in vulnerable areas.
Energy
- Hydroelectric plants and thermal power plants reliant on water for cooling are strained.
- Heatwaves coinciding with droughts increase electricity demand, overburdening the grid.
Public Health
- Reduced water flow concentrates pollutants in rivers, degrading water quality for drinking and recreation.
- Wildfires fueled by drought emit smoke and pollutants, worsening respiratory illnesses.
Social Impacts
- Drought-induced migration leads to loss of livelihoods, rising indebtedness, and malnutrition in affected communities.
Facts and Recommendations
- Statistics:
- As of July 2024, 85% of Indian districts faced arid conditions, and 21.06% of the country experienced drought-like conditions (IMD, Drought Early Warning System).
- Recommendations:
- Establish Drought Monitoring Centres staffed with interdisciplinary experts.
- Promote water conservation and improve efficiency to enhance resilience.
This comprehensive approach will mitigate drought impacts and secure long-term sustainability.
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मॉडल उत्तर क्षोभमंडल और समताप मंडल में ओजोन: निर्माण प्रक्रिया और भूमिका में अंतर क्षोभमंडलीय ओजोन (बुरा ओजोन) निर्माण प्रक्रिया: वाष्पशील कार्बनिक यौगिक (VOCs) और नाइट्रोजन ऑक्साइड (NOx) सूर्य के प्रकाश के प्रभाव में अभिक्रिया करके ओजोन का निर्माण करते हैं। प्रमुख स्रोत: औद्योगिक इकाइयों, मोटर वाहनRead more
मॉडल उत्तर
क्षोभमंडल और समताप मंडल में ओजोन: निर्माण प्रक्रिया और भूमिका में अंतर
क्षोभमंडलीय ओजोन (बुरा ओजोन)
समताप मंडलीय ओजोन (अच्छा ओजोन)
क्षोभमंडलीय ओजोन के प्रभाव को कम करने हेतु रणनीतियां
1. परिवहन और ईंधन क्षेत्र
2. कृषि क्षेत्र
3. अपशिष्ट प्रबंधन
4. सरकारी पहलों का क्रियान्वयन
5. सामुदायिक सहभागिता