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One of the tests of integrity is complete refusal to be compromised. Explain with reference to a real life example. (150 words) [UPSC 2017]
Integrity: The Unwavering Rejection Of Compromise Ethics are overriding moral values, or steadfastly moral principles, with the quality of being honest and having strong principles. This phase is typically marked by a strong commitment to values and morals in the face of strong temptation or pressurRead more
Integrity: The Unwavering Rejection Of Compromise
Ethics are overriding moral values, or steadfastly moral principles, with the quality of being honest and having strong principles. This phase is typically marked by a strong commitment to values and morals in the face of strong temptation or pressure. One of the more compelling integrity tests is to not be compromised at all. In this way, this article explores integrity through the eyes of a life-fight who knew that maintaining high ethical standards and the drive to serve are maintained regardless of the storm.
The Model: Daniel Ellsberg and the Pentagon Papers
Daniel Ellsberg, the former United States military analyst, is a prime example of that kind of extraordinary integrity — not being willing to compromise. In 1971, Ellsberg leaked a classified Department of Defense study known as the “Pentagon Papers” detailing the government’s many years of lies and obfuscation about the Vietnam War to the press. The reason being, this whistleblower act became one of the biggest happenings in America since they revealed how the government was spreading false information about the war and the people died in it did not matter at all.
It was Ellsberg’s conviction in the necessity of truthfulness and transparency that led him to leak the Pentagon Papers. He must have had classified documents tucking away the reality of the government’s intentions and the grim shows of what it did — narratives much less rosy and much less justifiable than those the public ingested. Despite the legal and personal risks, he believed he had a moral imperative to disclose the information.
The Test of Integrity
Ethical Dilemma: The circumstances surrounding Ellsberg led him to an ethical dilemma. On one hand, he had sworn an oath to safeguard classified information and could be subject to serious legal penalties if he violated that oath. Yet at the same time believed the American people had a right to the truth about the war — which was being deliberately obscured from them. This conflict tested his integrity in having to balance personal and professional commitments with moral convictions.
Risk and Consequences: The risks of leaking the Pentagon Papers were severe. Ellsberg could have been charged with espionage, sentenced to life in prison, and had his career shattered. Nevertheless, he accepted these risks because he felt the public’s right to know the truth trumped his personal stakes.
Uncompromising Resistance: Ellsberg did not act on a whim. He picked over the documents, shred by shred, for months, worrying about the consequences and how to get the information before the public. Knowing that doing so would endanger his friends’ lives, and that it could have severe repercussions for him personally and financially, he nonetheless told the truth because he knew it was the right thing to do. He felt that the right thing to do was blow the whistle on the lies, even at a great personal cost.
Impact and Legacy
The publication of the Pentagon Papers shook American society to its core. It prompted widespread public outrage and heightened opposition to the Vietnam War. The leak was also key to the Watergate scandal that ultimately forced out President Richard Nixon. Ellsberg’s example showed the capacity of a single person to bend history by affirming an alternative path, despite daunting odds.
Ellsberg’s legacy is one of unsparing integrity. He blazed a path for whistleblowers and activists, that in the pursuit of truth and justice, the act itself is a higher calling. His example must still encourage people to question authority and to resist ethically dubious actions when they encounter them.
Conclusion
It will not come through committee meetings or debates, by its very nature, integrity cannot be implemented through politics. All compromise is in some way a corruption, and Daniel Ellsberg, in refusing to let himself be compromised to the end, shows us that his own integrity is a far better role model than anything he might have accomplished in the world of international diplomacy. This takes the courage to stand firm against opposition, the courage to buck the status quo and the commitment to do right when it is not convenient. Ellsberg’s actions just reminds us that integrity isn’t about doing things without risk; it’s trying to do the right thing, for the right reasons, and risk should be part of the equation, not the whole thing. In a field where integrity can be a rare commodity, his narrative is a lighthouse in the dark, reminding us of the unwavering power of truth and transparency in our lives.
See lessWhat ethical challenges do public servants in India encounter while performing their duties, and how can these challenges be addressed? (200 words)
Model Answer Ethical Challenges Faced by Public Servants in India Public servants in India often encounter several ethical dilemmas while executing their duties, where they must balance conflicting principles. Some common ethical challenges include: Economic Development vs. Environmental and Human CRead more
Model Answer
Ethical Challenges Faced by Public Servants in India
Public servants in India often encounter several ethical dilemmas while executing their duties, where they must balance conflicting principles. Some common ethical challenges include:
Economic Development vs. Environmental and Human Costs
Public servants are often tasked with development projects that may harm the environment or lead to human displacement. For instance, the construction of dams or industrial projects may improve economic growth but may also cause pollution or displace local communities. Balancing the need for economic progress with the protection of the environment and human rights poses a significant ethical dilemma.
Oath of Secrecy vs. Transparency
Public servants are required to protect sensitive information for security reasons, but they must also uphold transparency to maintain public accountability. Striking a balance between confidentiality and the need for openness to the public can lead to ethical conflicts, especially when there is pressure to disclose sensitive information.
Conflicts Between Personal Beliefs and Official Duties
At times, public servants may receive orders or be expected to implement policies that go against their personal beliefs. For example, enforcing policies that involve demolishing religious or community structures may conflict with their personal values, creating a moral dilemma.
Politicization of Bureaucracy
Public servants may face external pressure from political parties to favor certain individuals or groups, compromising their professional duty to serve impartially. This politicization undermines the principles of fairness and equal treatment.
Allocation of Limited Resources
With limited resources, public servants must make difficult decisions on how to allocate funds for various sectors, such as healthcare, education, or infrastructure. These decisions often involve ethical dilemmas as each sector has significant social impact.
Addressing Ethical Dilemmas
Public servants can resolve these dilemmas by adhering to the ALIR Model (Accountability, Legality, Integrity, and Responsiveness), which ensures that decisions are based on democratic accountability, the rule of law, and professional integrity. They can also engage in dialogue with superiors and follow established codes of conduct. Furthermore, personal moral values, fortitude, and the ability to take responsibility for one’s actions are essential in resolving ethical conflicts. Following Gandhiji’s Talisman, which prioritizes the interests of the marginalized and the poor, can also guide ethical decision-making.
See less(b) Explain the importance of objectivity and impartiality in the operations of civil services. (200 words)
Model Answer 1. Objectivity in Civil Services Definition: Objectivity refers to evaluating situations and making decisions based solely on facts, evidence, and established procedures, without personal bias or external influence. Fact: Objectivity helps civil servants make decisions based on facts, nRead more
Model Answer
1. Objectivity in Civil Services
Definition: Objectivity refers to evaluating situations and making decisions based solely on facts, evidence, and established procedures, without personal bias or external influence.
Example: When making public appointments or awarding contracts, objectivity ensures that decisions are based on merit and not on personal relationships or biases.
Example: By following clear, evidence-based procedures, civil servants can demonstrate that their actions are justified, building trust among the public and avoiding allegations of corruption or favoritism.
Example: When civil servants act impartially, their actions are more likely to be perceived as fair and just, which strengthens the public’s confidence in government institutions.
2. Impartiality in Civil Services
Definition: Impartiality means acting without bias, favoring neither side, and ensuring decisions are based solely on the merits of the case, in line with fairness and justice.
Example: Civil servants can serve under various political regimes while maintaining their professionalism, ensuring policies are implemented fairly regardless of political affiliation.
Example: When handling recruitment, procurement, or service delivery, civil servants’ impartiality ensures that decisions are made according to merit, without favoring any particular group.
Example: Civil servants uphold the rule of law and ensure fairness in governance, contributing to the democratic fabric of the country.
Conclusion
Objectivity and impartiality are core values that enable civil services to function effectively and uphold the rule of law. These principles promote fairness, transparency, and trust, ensuring that government decisions are made in the public’s best interest and in accordance with constitutional values. Both concepts are integral in fostering a fair, just, and accountable administration.
One of the tests of integrity is complete refusal to be compromised. Explain with reference to a real life example. (150 words) [UPSC 2017]
Integrity is the strong observance of moral and ethical standards, even under adverse circumstances. Edward Snowden is the most poignant real-life example of that. A contractor of America by the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA), while at the job, Snowden discovered that the agency had mass surveiRead more
Integrity is the strong observance of moral and ethical standards, even under adverse circumstances. Edward Snowden is the most poignant real-life example of that. A contractor of America by the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA), while at the job, Snowden discovered that the agency had mass surveillance programs against the citizen’s privacy and constitutional rights. However, he bore the evil consequences of this breach-the exile and imprisonment that will result from this revelation.
It reflects how much value Edward Snowden places on principles of transparency and accountability, as weighty as the cost may be, when it refuses to be complicit in unethical practices even under pressure.The act sparked worldwide debate over privacy, government encroachment, and how security should be played off against civil liberties. Hard as it may seem, drawing a fine line between the two certainly winds up in controversy. His case, however, illustrates an adamant refusal to trade integrity for personal purposes. Thus, it is quite imperative to abide by one’s values, no matter how inconvenient life can be when acting in passion against principle.
See lessWhich Administrative Reforms Commission stressed upon the ethics in governance?
Administrative Reforms Commission and Ethics in Governance The Second Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC), established by the Government of India in 2005, stressed the importance of ethics in governance. This commission was headed by M. Veerappa Moily and played a crucial role in recommending vaRead more
Administrative Reforms Commission and Ethics in Governance
The Second Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC), established by the Government of India in 2005, stressed the importance of ethics in governance. This commission was headed by M. Veerappa Moily and played a crucial role in recommending various reforms aimed at improving the efficiency and ethical standards of governance in India.
1. Overview of the Second Administrative Reforms Commission
2. Focus on Ethics in Governance
The Second Administrative Reforms Commission placed significant emphasis on ethics in governance. The key aspects highlighted were:
3. Key Recommendations by the Second ARC on Ethics
The Second ARC’s report, titled “Promoting Ethics in Governance”, included several critical recommendations:
4. Impact and Implementation
The recommendations of the Second ARC have had a significant impact on:
Conclusion
The Second Administrative Reforms Commission was instrumental in stressing the importance of ethics in governance. Its recommendations focused on enhancing integrity, transparency, and accountability within the public administration system. The influence of the Second ARC is evident in recent legislative and institutional reforms aimed at promoting ethical practices and combating corruption. The emphasis on ethics continues to shape governance policies and practices, ensuring a more accountable and transparent administrative system.
See lessThere is a heavy ethical responsibility on the public servants because they occupy positions of power, handle huge amounts of public funds, and their decisions have wide-ranging impact on society and environment. What steps have you taken to improve your ethical competence to handle such responsibility? (150 words)[UPSC 2014]
Enhancing Ethical Competence in Public Service Understanding the Ethical Burden: Public servants bear a significant ethical burden due to their power, management of public funds, and the societal and environmental repercussions of their decisions. Steps for Ethical Competence: 1. Continuous LearningRead more
Enhancing Ethical Competence in Public Service
Understanding the Ethical Burden: Public servants bear a significant ethical burden due to their power, management of public funds, and the societal and environmental repercussions of their decisions.
Steps for Ethical Competence:
1. Continuous Learning: Engaging in ethical training programs and workshops to understand complex ethical dilemmas.
2. Seeking Guidance: Consulting seniors and mentors for advice on ethical decision-making in challenging situations.
3. Transparency: Maintaining transparency in actions and decisions to uphold accountability and trust.
4. Ethical Reflection: Regularly reflecting on personal values and principles to align actions with ethical standards.
Application of Ethical Competence:
See lessBy actively engaging in these steps, I aim to cultivate a strong ethical foundation to navigate the complexities of public service, ensuring integrity, accountability, and transparency in my actions for the greater good of society and the environment.
How do the virtues of trustworthiness and fortitude get manifested in public service? Explain with examples. (150 words) [UPSC 2015]
Virtues of Trustworthiness and Fortitude in Public Service Trustworthiness and fortitude are crucial virtues in public service, manifesting through consistent and ethical behavior. Trustworthiness: Example: In 2023, IAS officer K.K. Sharma was praised for his transparent handling of relief funds durRead more
Virtues of Trustworthiness and Fortitude in Public Service
Trustworthiness and fortitude are crucial virtues in public service, manifesting through consistent and ethical behavior.
Trustworthiness: Example: In 2023, IAS officer K.K. Sharma was praised for his transparent handling of relief funds during a natural disaster. His commitment to ethical practices and open communication built public trust and ensured that aid was distributed fairly. This shows trustworthiness as he maintained integrity and accountability.
Fortitude: Example: In 2024, IPS officer Anjali Mehta faced threats and political pressure while investigating a high-profile corruption case. Despite these challenges, she persevered in her duties, demonstrating courage and resilience. Her fortitude ensured justice and reinforced public confidence in the legal system.
Both virtues are vital for ensuring effective and ethical public service, fostering trust and resilience in governance.
See lessDiscipline generally implies following the order and subordination. However, it may be counter-productive for the organization. Discuss. (150 words) [UPSC 2017]
Discipline and Its Potential Counter-Productivity in Organizations Discipline traditionally involves adhering to established orders and hierarchical structures, ensuring uniformity and control. However, this rigid adherence can sometimes be counter-productive for organizations, especially in dynamicRead more
Discipline and Its Potential Counter-Productivity in Organizations
Discipline traditionally involves adhering to established orders and hierarchical structures, ensuring uniformity and control. However, this rigid adherence can sometimes be counter-productive for organizations, especially in dynamic and innovative environments.
Stifling Creativity: Excessive discipline can stifle creativity and innovation. For instance, in technology firms like Google, a flexible work environment is encouraged to foster creativity, contrasting with overly disciplined structures that might hinder innovative thinking and risk-taking.
Employee Morale: Strict discipline can negatively impact employee morale and engagement. The case of Amazon, known for its demanding work culture and strict performance metrics, has faced criticism for causing high employee turnover and low job satisfaction among its workforce.
Adaptability Issues: In rapidly changing industries, rigid discipline can impede adaptability. Companies like Netflix, which embrace a more relaxed and trust-based approach, are better able to adapt to market changes and drive organizational success compared to those with stringent discipline.
In conclusion, while discipline ensures order, excessive rigidity can undermine creativity, morale, and adaptability, potentially harming the organization’s long-term success.
See lessYoung people with ethical conduct are not willing to come forward to join active politics. Suggest steps to motivate them to come forward. (150 words) [UPSC 2017]
Motivating Young People to Join Active Politics 1. Promote Ethical Leadership: Initiative: Highlight and reward young leaders who exemplify ethical behavior in politics. Example: The India Leadership Forum showcases ethical young leaders and provides platforms for their visibility and influence. 2.Read more
Motivating Young People to Join Active Politics
1. Promote Ethical Leadership:
2. Improve Political Education:
3. Support Transparent Platforms:
4. Encourage Mentorship Programs:
5. Foster Civic Engagement:
Conclusion: By promoting ethical leadership, improving political education, supporting transparent platforms, encouraging mentorship, and fostering civic engagement, we can motivate young people to actively participate in politics with integrity.
See lessIdentify five ethical traits on which one can plot the performance of a civil servant. Justify their inclusion in the matrix. (150 words) [UPSC 2021]
1. Integrity: Essential for maintaining public trust and ensuring transparency. An ethical civil servant must act honestly and avoid conflicts of interest, thus preserving the credibility of the institution they represent. 2. Accountability: This trait reflects a civil servant’s responsibility for tRead more
1. Integrity: Essential for maintaining public trust and ensuring transparency. An ethical civil servant must act honestly and avoid conflicts of interest, thus preserving the credibility of the institution they represent.
2. Accountability: This trait reflects a civil servant’s responsibility for their actions and decisions. Being accountable means acknowledging mistakes and making amends, which is crucial for effective governance and public confidence.
3. Fairness: Demonstrates commitment to impartiality and equal treatment. A civil servant must ensure that decisions are made based on merit and not influenced by personal biases, fostering a just and equitable society.
4. Transparency: Involves clear communication and openness in actions and decisions. Transparency helps prevent corruption and ensures that the public is informed about government processes, enhancing trust and legitimacy.
5. Commitment to Service: Shows dedication to the public good over personal gain. A civil servant should prioritize the needs of the community, ensuring that their work contributes positively to societal welfare.
These traits collectively measure a civil servant’s adherence to ethical standards, influencing their effectiveness and public perception.
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