Why does India has an open-door policy with Nepal and Bhutan as regards free movement of people between the two nations? Explain [64th BPSC Mains Exam 2018]
Global Warming Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature caused mainly by human activities like burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrialization. This leads to an excessive release of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄),Read more
Global Warming
Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth’s average surface temperature caused mainly by human activities like burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrialization. This leads to an excessive release of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O), which trap heat in the atmosphere and disrupt Earth’s climate systems. The effects include rising sea levels, melting glaciers, extreme weather events, and loss of biodiversity.
How is India Contributing to Minimizing Global Warming?
India has implemented several policies and initiatives to reduce its contribution to global warming:
1. Shift to Renewable Energy
- India has committed to generating 50% of its electricity from non-fossil fuel sources by 2030.
- Programs like the National Solar Mission aim to increase solar energy capacity significantly.
2. Carbon Sink Targets
- India pledged to increase forest and tree cover to absorb 2.5–3 billion tons of CO₂ by 2030.
3. National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)
- This framework integrates multiple missions, such as:
- National Solar Mission: Encouraging solar energy adoption.
- Green India Mission: Increasing forest cover to serve as a carbon sink.
- National Mission on Enhanced Energy Efficiency: Promoting energy-saving technologies.
4. National Clean Air Programme (NCAP)
- This initiative targets a reduction in particulate matter pollution by 40% by 2026, indirectly reducing global warming by curbing emissions from industries and vehicles.
“The World Would Submerge in Water in the Coming Future” – A Warning
This statement highlights the dire consequences of human actions on the environment. Rising global temperatures are causing glaciers and polar ice caps to melt, contributing to sea-level rise. If unchecked, this could submerge low-lying areas and entire islands, displacing millions. For instance:
- Coastal cities like Mumbai and Kolkata in India are at risk of flooding.
- The Sundarbans, a critical ecosystem, faces threats from rising sea levels.
Conclusion
Global warming is an urgent issue requiring global cooperation. India’s proactive measures, including renewable energy expansion and forest conservation, contribute significantly to addressing this crisis. However, further action, both domestic and international, is crucial to avoid catastrophic consequences for humanity and the planet. Mismanagement of Earth’s resources has led us to this point, and only sustainable practices can ensure a livable future.
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India maintains an open-door policy for the free movement of people between itself, Nepal, and Bhutan. This policy is rooted in historical, political, cultural, and economic ties that foster deep integration and cooperation among the nations. The open-border arrangement allows citizens of these counRead more
India maintains an open-door policy for the free movement of people between itself, Nepal, and Bhutan. This policy is rooted in historical, political, cultural, and economic ties that foster deep integration and cooperation among the nations. The open-border arrangement allows citizens of these countries to travel freely without passports or visas. Here’s a breakdown of why this policy exists and its significance.
Historical and Cultural Ties
1. Historical Relationship
2. Geographical Proximity
Political and Economic Factors
1. Strengthening Regional Cooperation
2. Economic Integration
Example: Many Nepali citizens live and work in cities like Delhi and Mumbai, where they contribute to both the labor market and cultural diversity.
Security and Strategic Considerations
1. Maintaining Regional Stability
2. Free Movement of People as a Strength
Socio-cultural and Educational Exchange
1. Cultural Integration
2. Educational and Employment Opportunities
Conclusion
India’s open-door policy with Nepal and Bhutan fosters cultural, political, and economic cooperation, allowing for the free movement of people across borders. This policy strengthens regional ties, promotes economic integration, and enhances security cooperation. While there are challenges in managing open borders, the benefits of close collaboration among these countries far outweigh them, contributing to a peaceful and prosperous region.
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