What intiatives have been taken by India to reduce gender gap in social, economic and political life, sofar?
The functional aspect of religion, as discussed by Emile Durkheim, Alfred Radcliffe Brown and Bronislaw Malinowski highlights its role in maintaining social order, cohesion and individual well being. Durkheim's Theory - Shared values and norms unite individuals collectively. Religion provides sacreRead more
The functional aspect of religion, as discussed by Emile Durkheim, Alfred Radcliffe Brown and Bronislaw Malinowski highlights its role in maintaining social order, cohesion and individual well being.
Durkheim’s Theory –
- Shared values and norms unite individuals collectively.
- Religion provides sacred moral guidelines regulating social behavior.
- Collective practices reinforce social bonds and shared values.
- Religion distinguishes sacred (spiritual) from profane (secular) realms.
Radcliffe Brown’s Theory –
- Rituals and symbols unify individuals into cohesive social systems.
- Religion regulates individual behavior, maintaining social order and norms.
- Collective rituals convey social values through symbolic expressions and actions.
- Religion replaces or supplements other social institutions functions simultaneously.
Malinowski’s Theory –
- Religion alleviates anxiety, uncertainty and emotional distress through rituals beliefs.
- Shared rituals and myths strengthen social bonds and collective unity.
- Explain natural phenomena, provide meaning and ensure social stability.
- Religion addresses birth, death, marriage and transition anxieties ritually.
Durkheim, Radcliffe Brown and Malinowski’s theories share common themes i.e. religion’s role in social cohesion, ritual symbolism and emotional comfort. Critiques include overemphasis on social function, neglecting individual agency and religious diversity. Limitations include ethnocentrism and oversimplification of complex religious phenomena, highlighting need for nuanced and contextual understandings.
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India has undertaken several impactful initiatives to bridge the gender gap in social, economic, and political spheres, reflecting a commitment to gender equality and empowerment. Social Initiatives: The Beti Bachao Beti Padhao scheme aims to improve the welfare of girls by promoting their educationRead more
India has undertaken several impactful initiatives to bridge the gender gap in social, economic, and political spheres, reflecting a commitment to gender equality and empowerment.
Social Initiatives: The Beti Bachao Beti Padhao scheme aims to improve the welfare of girls by promoting their education and preventing female infanticide. This initiative combines awareness campaigns with incentives for girl child education, addressing deep-rooted gender biases.
Economic Initiatives: The Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) provides financial support to women entrepreneurs, empowering them to start and expand their businesses. Additionally, the Stand Up India Scheme ensures access to credit for women and marginalized groups, fostering economic independence and growth.
Political Initiatives: The Reservation of Seats for Women in Panchayats ensures that women have a voice in local governance. The proposed Women’s Reservation Bill, although yet to be enacted, aims to reserve 33% of seats in Parliament and state legislatures for women, enhancing their representation at higher political levels.
Legal and Policy Reforms: India has implemented laws like the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act and the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act to safeguard women’s rights and ensure justice.
These initiatives collectively reflect India’s evolving approach to gender equality, striving to create a more inclusive and equitable society for women across all facets of life.
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