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British Governance

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Home/Modern India/British Governance/Page 5

Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

Mrityunjoy Mitra
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Mrityunjoy MitraBegginer
Asked: July 18, 2024In: , ,
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Who wrote Indian Constitution, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar or the drafting committee?What is your opinion and why?

  1. Aditi Gupta
    Aditi Gupta Begginer

    Drafting the Constitution The Drafting Committee was crucial in creating the Indian Constitution, with Dr. B.R. Ambedkar serving as its Chairman.He who was also the Law Minister, led the committee through the drafting process and was celebrated for his persuasive arguments, earning him the title 'FaRead more

    Drafting the Constitution

    The Drafting Committee was crucial in creating the Indian Constitution, with Dr. B.R. Ambedkar serving as its Chairman.He who was also the Law Minister, led the committee through the drafting process and was celebrated for his persuasive arguments, earning him the title ‘Father of the Constitution of India.’ His leadership was instrumental in shaping the Constitution.

    The Role of the Constituent Assembly

    The Constitution was a product of collective effort by the Constituent Assembly, not just by B.R. Ambedkar or Jawaharlal Nehru. The Assembly, which initially had 389 members, was reduced to 299 after the partition of 1947. The draft, prepared by Sir B.N. Rau based on existing constitutional models, served as the foundation for the final document.

    Handwritten Presentation

    The Constitution was meticulously handwritten by Prem Behari Narain Raizada, whose elegant calligraphy enhanced its aesthetic appeal. The document was further adorned by artists from Shantiniketan, such as Nand Lal Bose and Beohar Rammanohar Sinha, whose artistic contributions added cultural and symbolic depth, making the Constitution a unique fusion of art and law.

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Anonymous
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Anonymous
Asked: July 21, 2024In: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
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  1. Nistha Hansaria
    Nistha Hansaria Begginer

    Reasons for the Rise of the Roman Empire: 1. Military Conquests: Successful military campaigns expanded territory and influence, securing resources and wealth. 2. Strategic Alliances: Diplomatic alliances with neighboring states and tribes bolstered Rome's power and stability. 3. Administrative EffiRead more

    Reasons for the Rise of the Roman Empire:

    1. Military Conquests: Successful military campaigns expanded territory and influence, securing resources and wealth.
    2. Strategic Alliances: Diplomatic alliances with neighboring states and tribes bolstered Rome’s power and stability.
    3. Administrative Efficiency: Effective governance and legal reforms facilitated centralized control and integration of conquered regions.
    4. Economic Prosperity: Trade, agriculture, and taxation generated significant wealth, supporting infrastructure and public projects.
    5. Cultural Integration: Assimilation of diverse cultures and practices strengthened societal cohesion and loyalty.

    Reasons for the Fall of the Roman Empire:

    1. Political Corruption: Ineffective leadership and corruption weakened governance and administration.
    2. Economic Decline: Heavy taxation, inflation, and economic mismanagement eroded financial stability.
    3. Military Overreach: Overexpansion led to logistical challenges and vulnerability to external invasions.
    4. Barbarian Invasions: Continuous invasions by barbarian tribes destabilized the Empire’s borders.
    5. Internal Conflict: Civil wars and power struggles undermined unity and cohesion.

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shyla kaul
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shyla kaulBegginer
Asked: July 23, 2024In:
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consitution of indialaw
  1. Aishwarya Mukherjee
    Aishwarya Mukherjee Begginer

    To enhance the implementation of the Indian Constitution an creative strategy is needed to tackle issues and societal factors. Here's a fresh viewpoint, on how we can improve its execution; Focus on Citizen Empowerment; Introduce a countrywide program to boost awareness about the constitution amongRead more

    To enhance the implementation of the Indian Constitution an creative strategy is needed to tackle issues and societal factors. Here’s a fresh viewpoint, on how we can improve its execution;

    Focus on Citizen Empowerment; Introduce a countrywide program to boost awareness about the constitution among the public. Use technology to create engaging platforms where people can educate themselves about their rights, responsibilities and how government institutions operate. Promoting participation, from an age can nurture a society of involved citizens.

    Implementing Localized Frameworks; Acknowledge the diversity, in India by advocating for localized implementation frameworks. Provide state and local governments with the flexibility to customize provisions according to requirements while ensuring alignment with national objectives.

    Assessing Constitutional Impact; Introduce an assessment of impact for all legislative and policy decisions. This ensures that proposed actions are carefully examined for compliance with principles before being put into effect.

    Enhancing Judicial Infrastructure; resources towards improving infrastructure and manpower to expedite constitutional adjudication. Support the establishment of benches in courts to efficiently address complex constitutional matters.

    Promoting Constitutional Morality; Initiate campaigns that promote morality and ethical governance among officials and institutions. Instilling a sense of responsibility towards upholding values can discourage instances of power abuse.

    Engaging Youth and Encouraging Innovation; Foster youth participation, through hackathons and innovation challenges focused on addressing issues related to implementing the constitution. Utilize the creativity and technological skills of individuals to devise solutions.

    By adopting these strategies India can not only enhance the implementation of its Constitution but also cultivate a more inclusive, responsible and forward-thinking governance framework.

     

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Nisha Panwar
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Nisha PanwarBegginer
Asked: September 1, 2024In: ,
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  1. Umang Singh Yadav
    Umang Singh Yadav Expert

    Constitutional development involves the evolution and refinement of a country's constitution, ensuring it remains relevant and effective in promoting democracy, protecting rights and governing the nation while adapting to changing societal needs.The essentials for constitutional development includeRead more

    Constitutional development involves the evolution and refinement of a country’s constitution, ensuring it remains relevant and effective in promoting democracy, protecting rights and governing the nation while adapting to changing societal needs.The essentials for constitutional development include –

    • Rule of Law where laws are applied equally to all citizens and government authority is limited.
    • Separation of Powers among legislative, executive and judicial branches to prevent abuse of authority.
    • Checks and Balances to prevent any one branch of government from dominating the others.
    • Independent judiciary ensuring impartial interpretation and enforcement of laws.
    • Protection of fundamental rights guarantees for individual rights and freedoms such as equality, liberty and freedom of expression.
    • Federalism or Decentralization involves distribution of power between central and local governments to promote regional autonomy and representation.
    • Transparency and accountability mechanisms for citizens to access information and hold elected officials and institutions accountable for their actions.
    • Free and fair elections to ensure citizens participation in the democratic process and the peaceful transfer of power.
    • Constitutional review and amendment process for amending the constitution to adapt to changing societal needs while maintaining stability.
    • Citizen participation and engagement opportunities for citizens to engage in the constitutional development process and participate in democratic governance.

     

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Jeevan Prasad
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Jeevan PrasadBegginer
Asked: September 21, 2024In:
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In what ways did British India’s Regulating Act of 1773 prepare the way for later constitutional developments?

upsc: constitutional development (1773-1858)
  1. Smriti Bhuyan
    Smriti Bhuyan Begginer

    The Regulating Act of 1773 was a significant milestone in the governance of British India, establishing a framework that would influence later constitutional developments. Here are some key ways it laid the groundwork: Centralization of Authority: The Act established a Governor-General in Bengal andRead more

    The Regulating Act of 1773 was a significant milestone in the governance of British India, establishing a framework that would influence later constitutional developments. Here are some key ways it laid the groundwork:

    1. Centralization of Authority: The Act established a Governor-General in Bengal and created a Supreme Court in Calcutta, centralizing administrative power. This set a precedent for a more organized and bureaucratic system of governance.
    2. Oversight of the East India Company: It aimed to bring the East India Company under greater control of the British government. By increasing parliamentary oversight, it initiated a shift from company rule to direct governance, which would later lead to more formal political structures.
    3. Administrative Reforms: The Act introduced a system of checks and balances within the administration, emphasizing accountability. This concept would evolve into more detailed governance structures in future legislations.
    4. Foundation for Further Legislation: It paved the way for subsequent acts, such as the Pitt’s India Act of 1784, which further defined the relationship between the Company and the British government. These acts contributed to the gradual evolution of a more structured constitutional framework.
    5. Legal and Judicial Changes: The establishment of a Supreme Court marked the beginning of formal legal structures, leading to the development of a judicial system that would later be more clearly defined in subsequent constitutions.
    6. Political Awareness and Representation: The introduction of regulated governance increased awareness among Indian leaders about political rights and representation, sowing the seeds for future demands for reform and self-governance.

    Overall, the Regulating Act of 1773 was a foundational step toward more structured governance in India, influencing both the administrative framework and the eventual emergence of constitutional developments in the British colonial system.

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Jeevan Prasad
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Jeevan PrasadBegginer
Asked: September 21, 2024In:
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Examine how important it was for parliament to take control of the East India Company through the Pitt’s India Act of 1784.

upsc: constitutional development (1773-1858)
  1. Umang Singh Yadav
    Umang Singh Yadav Expert

    Pitt's India Act of 1784 was a landmark legislation that significantly impacted the governance of British India. Here's an analysis of its significance - Establishment of Parliamentary Control - The act established the Board of Control, a parliamentary body responsible for overseeing the East IndiaRead more

    Pitt’s India Act of 1784 was a landmark legislation that significantly impacted the governance of British India. Here’s an analysis of its significance –

    Establishment of Parliamentary Control –

    • The act established the Board of Control, a parliamentary body responsible for overseeing the East India Company’s affairs.
    • The Board of Control had the power to supervise the company’s affairs including its administrative, military and financial activities.

     

    Limitations on the East India Company’s Powers –

    • The act restricted the company’s authority to make treaties, declare war or acquire new territories without the approval of the Board of Control.
    • The act prohibited the company’s officials from engaging in private trade, reducing corruption and the company’s influence.

     

    Significance and Impact –

    • Pitt’s India Act marked a significant shift from company rule to parliamentary control laying the foundation for the eventual transfer of power to the British Crown.
    • The act introduced greater accountability and transparency in the governance of British India, reducing the company’s autonomy and increasing parliamentary oversight.
    • Pitt’s India Act set a precedent for future reforms including the Charter Act of 1813 and the Government of India Act of 1858 which further increased parliamentary control and eventually led to the establishment of the British Raj.

     

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Jeevan Prasad
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Jeevan PrasadBegginer
Asked: September 21, 2024In:
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What effects did the Charter Acts have on British India’s system of government?

upsc: constitutional development (1773-1858)
  1. Umang Singh Yadav
    Umang Singh Yadav Expert

    The British India Charter Acts (1773-1853) were a series of laws that centralized power expanded British authority and introduced administrative reforms shaping the governance structure of British India and maintaining British control.The Charter Acts, a series of legislation passed by the British PRead more

    The British India Charter Acts (1773-1853) were a series of laws that centralized power expanded British authority and introduced administrative reforms shaping the governance structure of British India and maintaining British control.The Charter Acts, a series of legislation passed by the British Parliament between 1773 and 1853 had significant implications for the governance structure of British India –

    Centralization of Power –

    • The Charter Act of 1773 established the Supreme Court in Calcutta which had jurisdiction over all British subjects in India.
    • The Charter Act of 1833 created the office of the Governor General of India, who was responsible for governing the entire territory.

     

    Expansion of British Authority –

    • The Charter Act of 1813 abolished the East India Company’s monopoly on trade in India opening up the region to British merchants.
    • The Charter Acts facilitated the expansion of British territory in India through the Doctrine of Lapse and other policies.

     

    Administrative Reforms  –

    • The Charter Acts introduced a bureaucratic system with a clear hierarchy of officials and a standardized system of administration.
    • The Charter Act of 1853 created the Indian Civil Service which recruited officials through competitive examinations.

     

    Limitations and Criticisms –

    • The Charter Acts did not provide for adequate Indian representation in the governance structure leading to criticisms of being undemocratic.
    • The Charter Acts maintained British control over India with the British Parliament holding the ultimate authority over Indian affairs.

     

    In conclusion, the Charter Acts had a profound impact on the governance structure of British India, centralizing power, expanding British authority and introducing administrative reforms. However, they also faced criticisms for lacking Indian representation and maintaining British control.

     

     

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