Malware, or malicious software, comes in various forms, each with unique infection methods and impacts. Here’s a simple breakdown:

1. Viruses

How They Work: Viruses attach to legitimate files. When you open the infected file, the virus spreads to other files.

Impact: Can corrupt or delete data, slow down your computer, and disrupt normal functions.

Example: The Melissa Virus spread via email attachments in the late 1990s.

Prevention: Use antivirus software, update it regularly, and avoid suspicious emails or downloads.

1. Worms

How They Work: Worms are standalone programs that self-replicate and spread across networks without needing a host file.

Impact: Can consume bandwidth and overload servers, causing network slowdowns.

Example: The WannaCry Worm exploited a Windows vulnerability in 2017.

Prevention: Keep software updated, use firewalls, and segment networks.

1. Trojans

How They Work: Trojans disguise themselves as legitimate software, tricking you into installing them. Once active, they perform harmful actions.

Impact: Can create backdoors for other malware, steal data, and monitor your activities.

Example: The Zeus Trojan targets banking information.

Prevention: Use security software, download only from trusted sources, and be cautious of phishing.

1. Ransomware
   How They Work: Ransomware spreads through phishing emails or malicious downloads. It encrypts your files and demands payment for decryption.

Impact: Can make your data and systems unusable until the ransom is paid.

Example: The CryptoLocker Ransomware demanded payment in Bitcoin to unlock files.

Prevention: Regularly back up data, use strong spam filters, and keep security software updated.

Understanding these types of malware and their prevention methods can help protect your devices from malicious attacks.