Roadmap for Answer Writing
1. Introduction (30-40 words)
- Provide a brief introduction to LWE (Left Wing Extremism) or Naxalism and its impact on India’s internal security.
- Mention the current trend: Although LWE is on the decline, it continues to affect several regions.
Relevant Fact: Left Wing Extremism is a significant threat, particularly in central and eastern India, disrupting socio-economic development and governance. (Source: Ministry of Home Affairs.)
2. Decline in LWE Activities (50-60 words)
- Highlight the reduction in LWE violence in recent years.
- Provide data on reduced incidents and casualties.
Relevant Facts:
- 76% reduction in LWE-related violent incidents in 2022 compared to 2010.
- Civilian and security personnel deaths dropped by 90%, from 1005 in 2010 to 98 in 2022.
- LWE-affected districts halved from 90 to 45. (Source: Ministry of Home Affairs, 2022.)
3. Government’s Multi-faceted Approach (150-160 words)
a. Security Measures
- SRE Scheme: Financially supports states to enhance security infrastructure for combating LWE.
- Modernisation of Police Forces: State police forces are being modernized with better weapons, communication systems, and training.
Relevant Fact: The Security Related Expenditure (SRE) scheme strengthens state capabilities in fighting LWE. (Source: Ministry of Home Affairs.)
b. Developmental Initiatives
- Integrated Action Plan (IAP): Focus on rapid development in LWE-affected areas to address socio-economic issues.
- Aspirational Districts Programme: Targets development in historically underdeveloped districts affected by LWE.
Relevant Fact: The Aspirational Districts Programme aims to uplift regions facing extreme poverty and LWE influence. (Source: NITI Aayog.)
c. Political Approaches
- Enhancing Local Governance: Strengthening Panchayati Raj institutions to boost local participation and address grievances.
Relevant Fact: Improved local governance helps reduce political grievances that fuel extremism. (Source: Ministry of Panchayati Raj.)
d. Social Strategies
- Rehabilitation and Surrender Policies: Encouraging Naxals to surrender and reintegrate into society through incentivized programs.
Relevant Fact: Rehabilitation policies help Naxals reintegrate into society while maintaining law and order. (Source: Ministry of Home Affairs.)
4. Conclusion (30-40 words)
- Summarize the positive impact of the government’s multi-faceted approach in reducing LWE violence.
- Emphasize the need for continuous focus on local governance, inclusive growth, and technological advancements to maintain peace in affected regions.
Government of India’s Approach to Counter Left Wing Extremism (LWE):
**1. Security-First Strategy:
**2. Development Initiatives:
**3. Surrender and Rehabilitation Policy:
**4. Community Engagement:
In summary, the Government of India’s multi-faceted approach combines security measures, development initiatives, rehabilitation programs, and community engagement to effectively counter Left Wing Extremism.
Model Answer
Introduction
Left Wing Extremism (LWE), commonly referred to as Naxalism, has been a serious threat to India’s internal security, especially in central and eastern regions. LWE disrupts socio-economic development and challenges democratic governance. Although LWE violence has shown a significant downward trend in recent years, it continues to affect many parts of the country.
Reduction in LWE Incidents
Government efforts have led to remarkable progress in reducing LWE activities. For example:
Source: Ministry of Home Affairs, 2022.
Government Measures to Counter LWE
Security Measures
Source: Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.
Developmental Initiatives
Source: NITI Aayog, Government of India.
Political Approaches
Source: Ministry of Panchayati Raj.
Social Strategies
Source: Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.
Conclusion
The significant reduction in LWE incidents highlights the success of India’s comprehensive strategy. Moving forward, enhancing local governance, focusing on inclusive growth, and leveraging technology for both development and security will be crucial to ensuring lasting peace in LWE-affected regions.