Model Answer

Introduction

International relations encompass the interactions among nations, including diplomatic, economic, and military engagements. The effectiveness of these interactions is grounded in three fundamental pillars: strength, peace, and security. Each pillar plays a critical role in shaping the dynamics of global relations and ensuring a stable international environment.

Body

1. Strength

Strength refers to a nation’s capability to protect its interests, maintain sovereignty, and project power globally. This can be manifested through military, economic, and diplomatic means.

• Example: The United States is often regarded as a superpower, bolstered by its military might and economic influence, which allows it to shape global policies and alliances.
• Example: China’s rapid economic growth has positioned it as a significant global player, enabling it to exert influence in international affairs, such as through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) (World Bank, 2021).
• Example: The United Kingdom’s nuclear capabilities and military alliances, particularly with the U.S. through NATO, enhance its global standing and influence.

2. Peace

Peace represents the absence of conflict and the presence of cooperation and stability among nations. It is often achieved through diplomatic efforts, international law, and conflict resolution mechanisms.

• Example: The United Nations has facilitated the peace process between Israel and Palestine, aiming to resolve ongoing tensions and promote lasting peace (UN Resolution 242, 1967).
• Example: The Good Friday Agreement successfully ended the conflict in Northern Ireland, marking a significant achievement in peacebuilding (BBC, 1998).
• Example: The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), also known as the Iran nuclear deal, seeks to mitigate nuclear proliferation and reduce tensions between Iran and the international community (European Union, 2015).

3. Security

Security involves protecting a nation’s populace, territory, and interests from both internal and external threats. This can be achieved through military alliances, intelligence operations, and law enforcement.

• Example: NATO was established to provide collective security against potential aggressors, exemplifying the importance of military alliances in ensuring national safety (NATO, 1949).
• Example: United Nations Peacekeeping Forces are deployed in conflict zones, such as South Sudan, to maintain peace and stability, demonstrating a commitment to global security (UN Peacekeeping, 2021).

Conclusion

The pillars of strength, peace, and security are interrelated and essential for fostering stable international relations. Strong nations are better equipped to contribute to global peace and security, while peaceful and secure nations can leverage their stability to promote strength and cooperation. As global interdependence increases, nations must collaborate to address common challenges, reinforcing these pillars to enhance mutual benefit and global stability.