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Describe the context and salient features of the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023. (Answer in 150 words) [UPSC2024]
Model Answer Introduction The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 is a significant advancement in India's data privacy landscape, aimed at safeguarding personal information amid the rapid growth of the digital economy. Growing Digital Economy: As India’s digital economy expands, instances ofRead more
Model Answer
Introduction
The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 is a significant advancement in India’s data privacy landscape, aimed at safeguarding personal information amid the rapid growth of the digital economy.
Salient Features of the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023
Conclusion
The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, establishes a robust framework for data protection, promoting trust and innovation in India’s digital economy while safeguarding individual rights in the face of technological advancements.
See lessGiven the evolving cybersecurity challenges in India, which require continuous innovation and adaptability, explain the role of CERT-In in protecting cyberspace in India.( 200 Words)
Model Answer Introduction The cybersecurity landscape in India is facing increasing challenges, with a sharp rise in incidents and complex attacks. As the threats evolve, the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) plays a crucial role in safeguarding the nation's cyberspace through proactRead more
Model Answer
Introduction
The cybersecurity landscape in India is facing increasing challenges, with a sharp rise in incidents and complex attacks. As the threats evolve, the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) plays a crucial role in safeguarding the nation’s cyberspace through proactive and reactive measures.
Proactive Functions of CERT-In
1. Security Guidelines and Advisories
CERT-In issues updated security protocols to mitigate emerging threats. For instance, in 2023, it released “Guidelines on Information Security Practices” aimed at government entities, providing essential measures for cybersecurity defense.
2. Vulnerability and Risk Analysis
CERT-In actively identifies vulnerabilities and assesses potential risks to prepare for cyber-attacks. A notable example is the identification of the Akira ransomware in 2023, which it flagged as a growing threat.
3. Training and Capacity Building
To strengthen cyber defense capabilities, CERT-In conducts training programs. In 2023, CERT-In partnered with Mastercard India to provide specialized cybersecurity training, particularly for the financial sector.
4. Central Database
CERT-In serves as a national repository and referral agency, consolidating data on cyber intrusions to better understand trends and facilitate swift responses.
Reactive Functions of CERT-In
1. Assistance and Recovery
CERT-In plays a vital role in responding to cybersecurity incidents. In 2022, it handled over 1.39 million incidents, providing necessary interventions to prevent further damage.
2. Incident Response
CERT-In offers rapid, 24/7 support to manage and mitigate cyber threats, ensuring a swift and coordinated response to incidents.
3. Information Sharing
CERT-In collaborates with other CERTs and organizations, sharing crucial information about emerging cyber threats, enhancing the collective defense network.
4. Artifact Analysis and Incident Tracing
It also analyzes malicious software and traces the origins of cyber threats to mitigate future attacks.
Conclusion
With India’s growing cybersecurity challenges, CERT-In’s role remains critical in ensuring the protection of cyberspace. However, continued investment in advanced technologies, global cooperation, and public-private partnerships are essential to bolster its effectiveness.
See lessWhat further measures can be taken to strengthen the security of India's Critical Infrastructure, given its ongoing vulnerability to cyber threats despite the country's significant efforts? ( 200 Words)
Model Answer Strengthening the Security of India's Critical Infrastructure: Despite significant efforts by India to secure its Critical Infrastructure (CI) from cyber threats, persistent vulnerabilities remain. The government has enacted policies like the National Cyber Security Policy and establishRead more
Model Answer
Strengthening the Security of India’s Critical Infrastructure:
Despite significant efforts by India to secure its Critical Infrastructure (CI) from cyber threats, persistent vulnerabilities remain. The government has enacted policies like the National Cyber Security Policy and established entities like CERT-In and the National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre. However, India’s CI still faces major cyber challenges, as evidenced by a sharp rise in cyber-attacks in 2023, including 429,847 incidents targeting financial services and breaches of 70 government websites.
Challenges in Securing Critical Infrastructure:
Measures to Strengthecurity:
Securing India’s Critical Infrastructure requires continuount in cyber security, collaboration among stakeholders, and proactive risk management to ensure resilience against future cyber threats.
See lessConsidering the threats cyberspace poses for the country, India needs a "Digital Armed Force" to prevent crimes. Critically evaluate the National Cyber Security Policy, 2013 outlining the challenges perceived in its effective implementation. (200 words) [UPSC 2015]
National Cyber Security Policy, 2013: Evaluation and Challenges 1. Background: Cybersecurity Threats: With increasing reliance on digital infrastructure, India faces significant cyber threats, including data breaches, cyber-attacks, and information warfare. The National Cyber Security Policy, 2013 aRead more
National Cyber Security Policy, 2013: Evaluation and Challenges
1. Background:
2. Key Objectives of the Policy:
3. Challenges in Effective Implementation:
a. Infrastructural Constraints:
b. Evolving Threat Landscape:
c. Legal and Regulatory Gaps:
d. Skills and Training Deficiencies:
4. Recent Examples:
5. Recommendations for Improvement:
a. Strengthening Infrastructure:
b. Legislative Reforms:
c. Capacity Building:
d. Research and Development:
Conclusion: While the National Cyber Security Policy, 2013 provides a framework for addressing cyber threats, effective implementation faces several challenges. Addressing infrastructural, legal, and skill-related gaps, and adapting to the evolving threat landscape are critical for enhancing India’s cybersecurity posture.
See lessDiscuss the potential threats of Cyber attack and the security framework to prevent it. (150 words) [UPSC 2017]
Potential Threats of Cyber Attacks and Security Framework **1. Potential Threats of Cyber Attacks: **1. Data Breaches: Sensitive Information Exposure: Cyber attacks can lead to unauthorized access and leakage of sensitive data such as personal identification details, financial records, and intellectRead more
Potential Threats of Cyber Attacks and Security Framework
**1. Potential Threats of Cyber Attacks:
**1. Data Breaches:
**2. Ransomware Attacks:
**3. Disruption of Services:
**2. Security Framework to Prevent Cyber Attacks:
**1. Advanced Threat Detection Systems:
**2. Regular Software Updates and Patching:
**3. Employee Training and Awareness:
**4. Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA):
Recent Example:
Conclusion:
- Cyber attacks pose significant threats including data breaches, ransomware, and service disruptions. A comprehensive security framework involving advanced threat detection, regular updates, employee training, and MFA is essential to mitigate these risks and safeguard digital assets.
See lessData security has assumed significant importance in the digitized world due to rising cyber crimes. The Justice B. N. Srikrishna Committee Report addresses issues related to data security. What, in your view, are the strengths and weaknesses of the Report relating to protection of personal data in cyber space? (250 words) [UPSC 2018]
Strengths and Weaknesses of the Justice B. N. Srikrishna Committee Report on Data Security Strengths: Comprehensive Framework: The Justice B. N. Srikrishna Committee Report, officially known as the Personal Data Protection Bill, 2018, provides a comprehensive framework for data protection. It introdRead more
Strengths and Weaknesses of the Justice B. N. Srikrishna Committee Report on Data Security
Strengths:
Weaknesses:
Recent Examples and Context:
In conclusion, while the Justice B. N. Srikrishna Committee Report offers a robust framework for data protection and aligns with international standards, its effectiveness will depend on overcoming implementation challenges, ensuring balanced privacy and security measures, and addressing concerns related to data localization and compliance.
See lessWhat is CyberDome Project? Explain how it can be useful in controlling internet crimes in India. (150 words) [UPSC 2019]
CyberDome Project Overview 1. Project Background: Initiative: The CyberDome Project is an initiative by the Kerala Police, aimed at creating a state-of-the-art cyber security hub to tackle internet crimes and enhance cyber security. Launched in 2018, it serves as a model for other states in India. 2Read more
CyberDome Project Overview
1. Project Background:
2. Utility in Controlling Internet Crimes:
1. Real-Time Threat Monitoring:
2. Capacity Building:
3. Collaboration and Information Sharing:
4. Public Awareness:
By implementing such measures, the CyberDome Project helps in significantly improving the capability of law enforcement to manage and mitigate internet crimes across India.
See lessDiscuss different types of cyber crimes and measures required to be taken to fight the menace. (150 words) [UPSC 2020]
Types of Cyber Crimes Phishing: Example: Fraudulent emails tricking users into revealing personal information, such as the recent “Netflix” phishing scam. Ransomware: Example: Cyberattacks like the WannaCry ransomware, which encrypts data and demands payment for decryption. Identity Theft: Example:Read more
Types of Cyber Crimes
Measures to Combat Cyber Crime
These measures are crucial for mitigating the risks and impacts of cyber crimes in an increasingly digital world.
See lessKeeping in view India’s internal security, analyze the impact of cross-border cyber attacks. Also, discuss defensive measures against these sophisticated attacks. (150 words) [UPSC 2021]
Impact of Cross-Border Cyber Attacks on India's Internal Security Impact on Internal Security: Cross-border cyber attacks can severely disrupt critical infrastructure, including power grids and communication networks, leading to national security threats. For instance, the 2020 cyber attack on IndiaRead more
Impact of Cross-Border Cyber Attacks on India’s Internal Security
Impact on Internal Security: Cross-border cyber attacks can severely disrupt critical infrastructure, including power grids and communication networks, leading to national security threats. For instance, the 2020 cyber attack on India’s power grid in Mumbai, suspected to be state-sponsored, caused widespread blackouts and highlighted vulnerabilities. Additionally, cyber espionage targeting government and defense institutions compromises sensitive information, posing risks to national security.
Defensive Measures Against Sophisticated Cyber Attacks
Enhanced Cybersecurity Framework: India must develop a robust cybersecurity policy and enhance critical infrastructure protection. The National Cyber Security Strategy 2023 aims to strengthen defenses and build cyber resilience.
International Cooperation: Collaborating with international partners through platforms like the Global Forum on Cyber Expertise (GFCE) and bilateral agreements can help in sharing threat intelligence and best practices.
Advanced Technologies: Employing AI and machine learning for threat detection and regular security audits can improve the ability to preempt and respond to cyber threats.
These measures are crucial for mitigating the risks posed by cross-border cyber attacks and ensuring internal security.
See lessWhat are the different elements of cyber security? Keeping in view the challenges in cyber security, examine the extent to which India has successfully developed a comprehensive National Cyber Security Strategy. (250 words) [UPSC 2022]
साइबर सुरक्षा के तत्व और भारत की राष्ट्रीय साइबर सुरक्षा रणनीति **1. साइबर सुरक्षा के तत्व: साइबर सुरक्षा की परिभाषा: साइबर सुरक्षा वह प्रक्रिया है जो डिजिटल डेटा, नेटवर्क, और प्रणालियों को साइबर हमलों, हैकिंग, और डेटा चोरी से सुरक्षित रखने के लिए अपनाई जाती है। मुख्य तत्व: प्रवेश नियंत्रण: आधिकारिकRead more
साइबर सुरक्षा के तत्व और भारत की राष्ट्रीय साइबर सुरक्षा रणनीति
**1. साइबर सुरक्षा के तत्व:
**2. भारत की राष्ट्रीय साइबर सुरक्षा रणनीति:
**3. चुनौतियाँ और प्रदर्शन:
निष्कर्ष: भारत ने साइबर सुरक्षा की दिशा में महत्वपूर्ण कदम उठाए हैं, लेकिन साइबर खतरों के विकसित होते परिदृश्य को देखते हुए, एक पूरी तरह से प्रभावी और सामयिक रणनीति की आवश्यकता है। निरंतर सुधार और सक्रिय निगरानी के माध्यम से भारत अपनी साइबर सुरक्षा को और सुदृढ़ कर सकता है।
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