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The deepening China-Russia strategic relationship has been described by some as the 'most consequential undeclared alliance in the world.' How can this alliance impact India's national interest? What strategies should India adopt to protect her interests?
Answer: The altering war in Ukraine and the lackluster military performance of Russia throughout the year has increased its dependence on China. A bulk of Russian energy exports are going to China, and the Chinese Yuan has emerged as an alternative currency for the payments to Russia. Also, recentlyRead more
Answer:
The altering war in Ukraine and the lackluster military performance of Russia throughout the year has increased its dependence on China. A bulk of Russian energy exports are going to China, and the Chinese Yuan has emerged as an alternative currency for the payments to Russia. Also, recently both countries signed two key agreements, Joint Statement on Deepening the Comprehensive Strategic Cooperative Partnership for the New Era and the Pre-2030 Development Plan on Priorities in China- Russia Economic Cooperation.
This increasing proximity between China and Russia, which is described by some experts as the ‘most consequential undeclared alliance in the world’, can have significant impact on India’s national interests as mentioned below:
The Russia-China alliance and their competitive relationship with the West are reshaping the world around India. India needs to draw up following strategies to protect its interests.
While some argue that India needs the USA to balance the rising Chinese power, yet by cooperating with China on specific issues and maintaining its military ties with Russia, it should be able to achieve its national interests.
See lessDiscuss the implications of the USA removing India from its list of countries classified as "developing nations" for trade benefits.
Answer: From the very beginning, India adopted a policy of friendship towards the Chinese republic. It not only gave diplomatic recognition to the new People's Republic of China but also pressed for its representation in the UN Security Council. So, India never suspected that China would ever launchRead more
Answer: From the very beginning, India adopted a policy of friendship towards the Chinese republic. It not only gave diplomatic recognition to the new People’s Republic of China but also pressed for its representation in the UN Security Council. So, India never suspected that China would ever launch an attack, but it did which is attributed to certain fundamental factors such as:
The Sino-Indian war is often cited as a watershed moment in Indian foreign policy, after which Nehruvian idealism began to give way to the pragmatic impulses of subsequent administrations. The significance of the 1962 war for India can be understood in following terms:
The war created such a rift between Sino-India relations that even after the lapse of six decades, the border issues between the two nations have never been negotiated considerably. The unresolved issues led to the recent standoffs in Doklam (2017) and the Galwan Valley (2020-21). China has also been found supporting the Maoists and the Northeast insurgents in India and creating a ‘String of Pearls’ in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) across Gwadar, Hambantota, Chittagong and Myanmar port to encircle India. Taking lessons from the 1962 war, India must develop a huge military might along with making strategic partners in the region and beyond.
See lessHighlighting the significance of Central Asia for India, discuss the challenges in strengthening the Indo-Central Asian relationship.
Answer: The office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) maintains a list of countries that it classifies as developing, developed and least-developed. Countries that are classified as developing are allowed to export certain goods to the US without punitive tariffs that are usually imposRead more
Answer: The office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) maintains a list of countries that it classifies as developing, developed and least-developed. Countries that are classified as developing are allowed to export certain goods to the US without punitive tariffs that are usually imposed on goods from developed countries. The ‘developing country status’ owes its origin to the US Trade Act of 1974, which authorized the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) to help poor countries develop faster. These benefits were extended further under the WTO wherein rich countries agreed to grant trade benefits to countries that classified themselves as poor. About two-thirds of countries that are members of the WTO classify themselves as developing countries and avail benefits. Recently, the US removed more than a dozen countries including India, from its list of developing countries. The US administration has repeatedly accused fast growing economies like India and China of wrongly claiming trade benefits and wants to make these deals fairer to the interests of the US. Implications of this action are as follows:
India is a unique economy wherein, a small part of the country seems like a developed country, but a large part of the nation is less developed or even under-developed. At the current stage of development, any attack on India’s status as a developing country will have a serious impact on its overall development. India needs to rebalance things and bring the USA on the negotiation table to turn things in its favour.
See lessDespite the evident tensions between USA and Russia, India has so far been able to successfully maintain its favourable bilateral relationship with both the countries while prioritising its own interests. Discuss.
Answer: Presently, USA-Russia relationship stands apart largely due to differences over issues such as nuclear disarmament, Iran crisis, Ukrainian crisis, Afghan fiasco, geopolitics of the Indo-Pacific and climate negotiation. These differences are promoting strategic apprehension from both the sideRead more
Answer: Presently, USA-Russia relationship stands apart largely due to differences over issues such as nuclear disarmament, Iran crisis, Ukrainian crisis, Afghan fiasco, geopolitics of the Indo-Pacific and climate negotiation. These differences are promoting strategic apprehension from both the sides and contributing to the ongoing strategic impasse. India has good relations with both Russia and the US and siding with one of these countries could cost India its relationship with the other. However, that has not been the case so far as India seems to have taken a neutral approach and has maintained its relationship with Russia and the US independent of each other by not letting either of them dictate its foreign policy, as witnessed recently: India’s relations with Russia:
India’s relations with USA:
Both the USA and Russia as veto-wielding powers in the United Nations support India’s bid for a permanent seat in the UN Security Council as well as support India’s entry into the Nuclear Suppliers Group. Since a permanent seat in the UNSC and NSG membership are seen as pivotal to India’s aspirations of projecting itself as a major global power, a strategic relationship with the USA and Russia becomes even more paramount. India has successfully maintained ties with its major strategic partners, and is making its own foreign policy decisions irrespective of the stance of Russia or the USA.
See lessIndia intends to achieve a balanced and optimal development of energy infrastructure in the South-Asian region through mutual understanding and cooperation. In light of this statement, discuss the need as well as existing gaps in South Asia's energy cooperation.
Answer: India's energy diplomacy for ensuring energy security in the South-Asian region ranges from cross- border electricity trade to supplying petroleum products and setting up liquefied natural gas terminals. Cross-border energy trade is a key aspect of India's 'neighbourhood first' policy, withRead more
Answer: India’s energy diplomacy for ensuring energy security in the South-Asian region ranges from cross- border electricity trade to supplying petroleum products and setting up liquefied natural gas terminals. Cross-border energy trade is a key aspect of India’s ‘neighbourhood first’ policy, with plans to build energy links to check China’s growing influence. Need for energy cooperation in South Asia:
Existing gaps in South Asia’s energy cooperation:
South Asian nations need to see the comparative advantages they hold in various energy sectors, and must come together to benefit each other via trade links. India must take a lead by facilitating financing, developing harmonized technical regulations, deepening professional networks, and enhancing regional business opportunities. In this direction, a high-level group, namely the South Asia Group for Energy (SAGE), has been set up for promoting, initiating and facilitating effective policy dialogue and capacity building on bilateral, sub-regional and regional basis for energy and related issues among South Asian countries.
See lessNot only is the Indo-French bilateral relationship the key for unlocking the synergies with the European Union but it is also crucial for a sustainable and stable world order. Do you agree?
Answer: India and France enjoy a traditionally close and friendly relationship. In 1998, they entered into a "Strategic Partnership" based on the convergence of views on various international issues. For India, France could act as a doorway to the European Union (EU). The bilateral relationship coulRead more
Answer: India and France enjoy a traditionally close and friendly relationship. In 1998, they entered into a “Strategic Partnership” based on the convergence of views on various international issues. For India, France could act as a doorway to the European Union (EU). The bilateral relationship could help India in deepening its engagement with the EU in the following ways:
The bilateral relationship between India and France is not only crucial for unlocking the synergies between India and the EU but it is also crucial for sustainable and stable world order, because of the following reasons:
Thus, India’s strong bilateral relations with France will not only be a fundamental anchor in shoring up the Brussels-India dynamic during its presidency but it is also crucial for protecting the commons and upholding international law and multilateralism.
See lessWhile the 2030 Roadmap for India-UK future relations seeks to revitalize the relationship between the two countries, there are major challenges that need to be ironed out. Analyse.
Answer: The '2030 roadmap for India-UK future relations' is a joint framework for future relations adopted by both governments as part of a "common vision of a new and transformational comprehensive strategic partnership". The UK India Roadmap 2030 is set out over the following five areas, which wilRead more
Answer: The ‘2030 roadmap for India-UK future relations’ is a joint framework for future relations adopted by both governments as part of a “common vision of a new and transformational comprehensive strategic partnership”. The UK India Roadmap 2030 is set out over the following five areas, which will revitalize the relationship between the two countries:
Major challenges in India- UK relations:
As India seeks to carve out a new role for itself in the evolving global order as a leading power’ and the U.K. recalibrates its strategic outlook post-Brexit, this is a unique moment in India-U.K. ties. In an increasingly unstable world threatened by autocratic states with contempt for the rules-based international system, it is more important than ever before that the UK and India support each other and our mutual allies.
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