Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Define the Feminization of Agriculture: Explain the concept as the increasing role of women in agriculture due to changes in labor dynamics. Context: Mention how urbanization and migration influence this shift. Relevant Fact: As per the Economic Survey ...
Model Answer Introduction Forestry, agroforestry, and social forestry are interconnected practices that address the current challenges in Indian agriculture. These practices promote sustainable development, environmental conservation, and community welfare, and play a crucial role in improving agricRead more
Model Answer
Introduction
Forestry, agroforestry, and social forestry are interconnected practices that address the current challenges in Indian agriculture. These practices promote sustainable development, environmental conservation, and community welfare, and play a crucial role in improving agricultural productivity while ensuring ecosystem health.
Main Body
1. Forestry
Forestry focuses on the management and conservation of forests for various purposes, such as timber production, biodiversity conservation, and watershed management.
- Biodiversity Conservation: The Gir Forest National Park in Gujarat protects the endangered Asiatic lion.
- Watershed Management: In Kaniyanapura village, Karnataka, tree planting and soil conservation improved water availability for agriculture.
- Carbon Sequestration: The Satpura Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh works to restore degraded forests, enhancing their carbon absorption capacity.
2. Agroforestry
Agroforestry integrates trees with agricultural practices, improving soil health, biodiversity, and providing additional income sources.
- Soil Health and Fertility: Chhattisgarh’s agroforestry project integrates fruit trees with paddy cultivation, enriching the soil and boosting farmer income.
- Biodiversity and Habitat: Araku Valley’s agroforestry system combines shade trees with coffee cultivation, fostering diverse ecosystems.
- Climate Resilience: Zero Budget Natural Farming in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka promotes agroforestry, enhancing resilience to climate change impacts.
3. Social Forestry
Social forestry involves the community in managing forests and trees to enhance livelihoods and environmental conservation.
- Livelihood Support: Odisha’s Joint Forest Management program empowers communities through activities like lac cultivation and honey production.
- Sustainable Resource Use: Maharashtra’s Van Dhan Yojana promotes sustainable bamboo cultivation, supporting tribal livelihoods.
- Community Awareness: The Bishnoi community in Rajasthan has long been protecting trees like the Khejri, demonstrating the power of community-led conservation efforts.
Conclusion
Together, these practices provide ecological benefits, enhance biodiversity, improve soil health, contribute to climate resilience, and offer livelihood opportunities. By integrating these concepts, Indian agriculture can become more sustainable and resilient, addressing critical environmental and socioeconomic challenges.
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Model Answer Introduction The feminization of agriculture in India is a phenomenon driven by urbanization and male migration. As per the Economic Survey 2017-18, women form the backbone of Indian agriculture, with 71% of economically active women engaged in this sector. Male outmigration and shiftsRead more
Model Answer
Introduction
The feminization of agriculture in India is a phenomenon driven by urbanization and male migration. As per the Economic Survey 2017-18, women form the backbone of Indian agriculture, with 71% of economically active women engaged in this sector. Male outmigration and shifts in rural-urban dynamics are transforming women’s roles in agriculture, creating socio-economic ripple effects.
Factors Contributing to Feminization of Agriculture
Socio-Economic Impacts
Conclusion
Women are now integral at every stage of the agricultural value chain, from production to marketing. To enhance agricultural productivity and sustainability, gender-specific policies and interventions must address the unique challenges faced by women in this evolving landscape.
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