How is biotechnology used in medicine?
Arthur Conan Doyle's stories of Sherlock Holmes subvert Victorian attitudes towards the poor by portraying criminals from various social classes, thereby challenging societal prejudices. Diverse Criminal Profiles: Doyle's depiction of criminals in the Sherlock Holmes stories spans different social sRead more
Arthur Conan Doyle’s stories of Sherlock Holmes subvert Victorian attitudes towards the poor by portraying criminals from various social classes, thereby challenging societal prejudices.
- Diverse Criminal Profiles: Doyle’s depiction of criminals in the Sherlock Holmes stories spans different social strata. While some villains come from the upper classes (like Professor Moriarty), many are depicted as coming from the lower classes or impoverished backgrounds. This diversity of criminal profiles undermines the Victorian stereotype that crime is primarily a product of poverty or lower-class moral decay.
- Complex Characters: Doyle creates complex characters among the lower classes who defy simplistic categorizations. For example, characters like John Clay in “The Red-Headed League” or Jefferson Hope in “A Study in Scarlet” have motives and backgrounds that go beyond their social status. This complexity challenges readers to reconsider their assumptions about criminality and social class.
- Holmes’s Methodology: Sherlock Holmes himself approaches each case with impartiality and a focus on evidence rather than social status. His methodical approach and emphasis on logical deduction provide a counterpoint to the prejudiced assumptions often made about the working class by Victorian society.
In essence, Doyle’s portrayal of criminals in the Sherlock Holmes stories critiques societal prejudices against the working class by presenting a nuanced view of crime and criminals. By depicting characters from all walks of life, he challenges readers to question simplistic views of poverty and criminal behavior prevalent during the Victorian era.
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Biotechnology within current medicine has been serving a very crucial role and changing the aspect of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. One such large application is the field of new drug and therapy developments. This technique allows development of biologics, as they are called, liRead more
Biotechnology within current medicine has been serving a very crucial role and changing the aspect of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. One such large application is the field of new drug and therapy developments. This technique allows development of biologics, as they are called, like monoclonal antibodies to target specific components of diseases, such as cancer.
Another huge application of biotechnology in medicine is genetic engineering. For instance, CRISPR-Cas9 technologies, which enable the specific editing of DNA, promise to effect cures for disorders with a genetic basis, such as cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia. This technology further contributes to the development of gene therapy by making possible the replacement of defective genes with normal ones.
Biotechnology also gives new dimensions to diagnostics. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) including next-generation sequencing, advanced molecular diagnostic technologies have been developed for the early and accurate identification of diseases at a genetic level. This forms a basis that supports the paradigm of personalized medicine using precision in treatment by basing its actions on the individual genetic constitution.
Additionally, the production of vaccines against COVID-19 using biotechnology uses mRNA to develop immunity without subjecting the individual to the live form of the virus. This has hastened the development and rollout of such vaccines and has been the best demonstration of how biotechnology translates into public health.
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