The poverty line remains the best tool that is used in order to estimate levels of poverty existing in a given society. It is described as the lowest standard that a person requires to earn so as to be able to earn enough to feed himself, clothe himself and get a roof over his head. The concept of tRead more
The poverty line remains the best tool that is used in order to estimate levels of poverty existing in a given society. It is described as the lowest standard that a person requires to earn so as to be able to earn enough to feed himself, clothe himself and get a roof over his head. The concept of the poverty line is complex and faces many challenges:
Importance:
Policy Formulation: These data help governments formulate and implement poverty eradication policies as well as map poverty line.
Resource Allocation: It assists in proper utilization of resources available to fight poverty related problems.
Monitoring Change: Explanation of How Poverty Level Changes Over Time Can Help Us Understand Something about the Effectiveness of Government Policies
Issues:
Subjectivity: The passing of the poverty line involves several generalized and subjective decision making about what constitutes basic.
Regional variation: The conditions of and needs for relief vary from one region to another in one country and hence are very much W/B between areas.
Changing Nature of Poverty: Its approach is subjected to change such as inflationary.change, change in the rates of growth, and change in social order.
-Data Quality: Cross sectional survey data is most useful in assessing the income and consumption expenditure of households, but invariably some issues of data quality arise.
-Multidimensional Poverty: However, the means poverty, also known as income poverty, is well provided notwithstanding other dimensions are education, health, social exclusion, etc.
To do this it could entail the coming up of multi dimensional poverty index that could include things like income, health, education and basic service. It is also necessary to have time to time revision and modification of the poverty line so that it may be in harmony with the economical and social change.
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Indian economic conditions have changed very widely since its departure in the year 1947 from Britain. Summary De-industrialization to Industrial Growth: A Colonial Legacy This British rule completely de-industrialized India which concentrated more and more on material extraction and its agricultureRead more
Indian economic conditions have changed very widely since its departure in the year 1947 from Britain.
Summary De-industrialization to Industrial Growth: A Colonial Legacy This British rule completely de-industrialized India which concentrated more and more on material extraction and its agriculture production primarily for British colonies. Indian industry was not so well.
Post-Independence: India took to planned economic development where the emphasis is placed on the growth of the industries. It has provided opportunities for building up public sector undertakings also for the establishment of heavy industries.
Agrarian Reforms:
Land Reforms: This area underwent reforms with a plan to right the imbalances brought about because of land holding inequality and land getting into the hands of such poor farmers who have none.
Green Revolution: The green revolution of the 1960s and 1970s increased productivity in agriculture but created side effects related to environmental issues and reliance on chemical fertilizers.
Economic Liberalization:
1991 Reforms: India implemented the most important economic liberalizations in 1991. The Indian economy was opened up to foreign investment; government control would reduce and privatization at various levels would be promoted.
This led to economic growth with increased income inequalities and social effects.
Problems
Poverty and Inequality: Issues of poverty and inequality remain even after economic growth has been achieved.
Unemployment: Youth unemployment is extremely high and thus a big issue.
Infrastructure Development: It has improved but remains woeful in many aspects of infrastructural development, especially in the rural region.
Recent Trends:
See less-Heavy attention on Digital Economy: India is heavily focusing on digital economy with initiatives like “Digital India,” which focuses on making the country digitally literate and innovative.
-Rise of Service Sectors: It has emerged to be the most important sector showing an acceleration trend of the economic growth within India and among those sectors, it has been IT and IT-enabled services which have been the single most effective drivers.