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Home/french revolution

Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

Srashti Konkani
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Srashti KonkaniBegginer
Asked: July 22, 2024In: ,
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Discuss the historical antecedents of the emergence of sociology as a discipline

emergencefrench revolutionhistoryquestionsociologythinkers
  1. Umang Singh Yadav
    Umang Singh Yadav Expert

    Sociology emerged in the 19th century driven by industrialization and social change. It is influenced by enlightenment, french revolution and industrial revolution, sociology solidified through movements like positivism, socialism and functionalism.Key figures include Auguste comte, Karl marx, EmileRead more

    Sociology emerged in the 19th century driven by industrialization and social change. It is influenced by enlightenment, french revolution and industrial revolution, sociology solidified through movements like positivism, socialism and functionalism.Key figures include Auguste comte, Karl marx, Emile durkheim, Herbert spencer and Max weber.

     

    Intellectual influences – 

    1. Enlightenment thinkers like Rousseau, Voltaire and Kant promoted reason, science and critical inquiry in sociology.
    2. Philosophers like Hegel, Comte and Spencer influenced sociology with ideas on morality, society and human nature.
    3. Classical liberals like Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill shaped sociology with ideas on individualism.

     

    Socio and Economic changes – 

    1. Industrial Revolution brought urbanization, industrialization and capitalism transforming social structures and economic relationships drastically.
    2. French Revolution (1789) sparked social upheaval challenging traditional authority and promoting equality, liberty and democratic ideals.
    3. Rise of capitalism created new social classes, economic inequalities and consumer culture reshaping social relationships and institutions.

     

    Scientific and Methodological advances – 

    1. Positivism led by Auguste comte emphasized empirical observation, scientific method and quantitative data in sociology research.
    2. Statistics and demography enabled sociologists to analyze population trends, patterns and correlations quantifying social phenomena objectively.
    3. Evolutionary theory inspired by Charles Darwin influenced sociologists to study social change, progress and adaptation.

     

    These historical antecedents converged to establish sociology as a distinct discipline focused on understanding social relationships, institutions and change. The first sociology departments emerged in the late 19th century with the University of Chicago (1892) and the London School of Economics (1895) among the pioneers.

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Rebekah J Peter
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Rebekah J PeterBegginer
Asked: July 21, 2024In: , , , , ,
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american revolutionfrench revolutionhistoryimperialismworld history
  1. Anita Dhruw
    Anita Dhruw Legend

    The American Revolution created several important effects which influenced the development of the French Revolution by different considerations: 1. The French people found great inspiration in how Americans defeated British rule successfully during their revolution. People demonstrated that they couRead more

    The American Revolution created several important effects which influenced the development of the French Revolution by different considerations:

    1. The French people found great inspiration in how Americans defeated British rule successfully during their revolution. People demonstrated that they could remove oppressive leadership to create a better social structure based on justice. French citizens used the American independence movement as a paradigm to lead their opposition against French royal dictatorship.

    2. The movements toward independence drew their influence from classical Enlightenment beliefs about sovereignty of the people and their entitlements to equal rights and liberty. Significant revolutionary ideas which focused on individual rights and government participation were essential components of both America and France during their revolutions.

    3. According to history French direct military cooperation with American rebels together with substantial financial backing proved essential for the American success in the Revolution. French soldiers and civilian officials experienced revolutionary concepts through their participation during American Revolution and simultaneously depleted the national treasury leading to bankruptcy and contributing to the French Revolution.

    4. The American Declaration of Independence served as the motivation for the French Declaration of Rights of Man and of the Citizen by detailing all citizen privileges. French Revolution originated from these grounds becoming an iconic representation of their battle against both tyranny and fight for equality.

    5. Diffusion of Revolutionary Ideas: The American Revolution spread revolutionary ideas across Europe and to France in particular. The actions in America fascinated and moved both French intellectuals and revolutionaries because of the struggle for freedom conducted by colonists.

    The American Revolution motivated and molded French citizens into a movement for liberty and equality despite their distinct reasons for becoming involved in the French Revolution.

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Megha Yadav
  • 1
Megha YadavBegginer
Asked: July 29, 2024In:
  • 1

french revolutionwomen's role
  1. Kanhiya Lal
    Kanhiya Lal Begginer

    The French Revolution of 1789-1799 was a pivotal moment in history that significantly impacted the role and status of women in French society. Women played a multifaceted and influential role throughout the various stages of the revolution: Women's Activist Movements: The revolution was catalyzed byRead more

    The French Revolution of 1789-1799 was a pivotal moment in history that significantly impacted the role and status of women in French society. Women played a multifaceted and influential role throughout the various stages of the revolution:

    1. Women’s Activist Movements:
      • The revolution was catalyzed by the Women’s March on Versailles in 1789, where thousands of women marched to demand bread and political representation.
      • Women’s clubs and societies, such as the Society of Revolutionary Republican Women, emerged to advocate for greater political and social rights for women.
      • Prominent female revolutionaries, like Olympe de Gouges and Théroigne de Méricourt, published influential works and participated actively in revolutionary activities.
    2. Participation in Revolutionary Events:
      • Women played crucial roles in key events of the revolution, such as the Storming of the Bastille and the Insurrection of 10 August 1792.
      • Women formed armed revolutionary battalions, known as the “Women’s Battalion of the Republic,” and fought alongside men on the barricades.
      • Women also organized protests, demonstrations, and marches to voice their demands for political and social reforms.
    3. Challenging Gender Norms:
      • The revolution challenged traditional gender roles and social hierarchies, opening up new possibilities for women’s participation in the public sphere.
      • Women began to assert their right to education, employment, and political representation, challenging the prevailing patriarchal structures.
      • The revolutionary ideals of “Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité” (Liberty, Equality, Fraternity) were interpreted by some women to include gender equality.
    4. Gains and Setbacks:
      • During the initial stages of the revolution, women gained some notable rights, such as the abolition of the legal constraints on women’s property ownership and the establishment of divorce laws.
      • However, the Napoleonic era that followed the revolution saw a rollback of many of these gains, as traditional gender norms and patriarchal structures were reinforced.
      • The French Revolution’s legacy for women was marked by both advancements and regressions, reflecting the complexity and evolving nature of the revolutionary process.
    5. Lasting Impact:
      • The French Revolution’s emphasis on individual rights and the principles of citizenship laid the groundwork for future women’s movements and the ongoing struggle for gender equality in France.
      • The revolutionary ideas and the participation of women in the public sphere had a lasting impact on the French society, paving the way for future generations to continue the fight for women’s rights.
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Sweety
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SweetyBegginer
Asked: July 13, 2024In:
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How French revolution started and how it affected the lives of the people of France?

french revolution
  1. Shreyashi Shukla
    Shreyashi Shukla Begginer

    The French Revolution began in 1789 as a culmination of social, economic, and political tensions in France. It was sparked by widespread discontent among the Third Estate (commoners) who faced heavy taxation, food shortages, and inequality compared to the clergy and nobility. The immediate trigger wRead more

    The French Revolution began in 1789 as a culmination of social, economic, and political tensions in France. It was sparked by widespread discontent among the Third Estate (commoners) who faced heavy taxation, food shortages, and inequality compared to the clergy and nobility. The immediate trigger was the convening of the Estates-General—a representative assembly—for the first time in 175 years, as King Louis XVI sought solutions to France’s financial crisis.

    The revolution unfolded in stages, starting with the storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789, symbolizing the people’s rejection of royal authority and their demands for change. This was followed by the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, asserting principles of liberty, equality, and popular sovereignty. The revolutionaries established a constitutional monarchy and later, amidst internal conflicts and external pressures, abolished the monarchy altogether, leading to the Reign of Terror under the radical Jacobins.

    The Revolution profoundly affected France socially, politically, and economically. Feudal privileges were abolished, promoting greater equality and meritocracy. However, the period was marked by violence, instability, and factionalism. The economy suffered, exacerbating poverty and social unrest. While the Revolution laid the groundwork for modern democratic principles and inspired nationalist movements across Europe, its initial promise of liberty for all often faltered amid the struggle for power. Ultimately, it transformed France and reverberated globally, leaving a complex legacy of both ideals and turmoil.

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Srashti Konkani
  • 0
Srashti KonkaniBegginer
Asked: July 22, 2024In: ,
  • 0

Discuss the historical antecedents of the emergence of sociology as a discipline

emergencefrench revolutionhistoryquestionsociologythinkers
  1. Umang Singh Yadav
    Umang Singh Yadav Expert

    Sociology emerged in the 19th century driven by industrialization and social change. It is influenced by enlightenment, french revolution and industrial revolution, sociology solidified through movements like positivism, socialism and functionalism.Key figures include Auguste comte, Karl marx, EmileRead more

    Sociology emerged in the 19th century driven by industrialization and social change. It is influenced by enlightenment, french revolution and industrial revolution, sociology solidified through movements like positivism, socialism and functionalism.Key figures include Auguste comte, Karl marx, Emile durkheim, Herbert spencer and Max weber.

     

    Intellectual influences – 

    1. Enlightenment thinkers like Rousseau, Voltaire and Kant promoted reason, science and critical inquiry in sociology.
    2. Philosophers like Hegel, Comte and Spencer influenced sociology with ideas on morality, society and human nature.
    3. Classical liberals like Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill shaped sociology with ideas on individualism.

     

    Socio and Economic changes – 

    1. Industrial Revolution brought urbanization, industrialization and capitalism transforming social structures and economic relationships drastically.
    2. French Revolution (1789) sparked social upheaval challenging traditional authority and promoting equality, liberty and democratic ideals.
    3. Rise of capitalism created new social classes, economic inequalities and consumer culture reshaping social relationships and institutions.

     

    Scientific and Methodological advances – 

    1. Positivism led by Auguste comte emphasized empirical observation, scientific method and quantitative data in sociology research.
    2. Statistics and demography enabled sociologists to analyze population trends, patterns and correlations quantifying social phenomena objectively.
    3. Evolutionary theory inspired by Charles Darwin influenced sociologists to study social change, progress and adaptation.

     

    These historical antecedents converged to establish sociology as a distinct discipline focused on understanding social relationships, institutions and change. The first sociology departments emerged in the late 19th century with the University of Chicago (1892) and the London School of Economics (1895) among the pioneers.

    See less

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