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Early Sociologists like Marx, Durkheim and Weber have sociological theories that are still applicable in modern times to some extent. Comment with examples in Indian society.
The sociological theories of Marx , Durkheim , Weber remain relevant in modern India Society to some extent. Marx's concept of class struggle is evident in India's economic disparities , where the wealthy elite hold power and marginalized remain oppressed. For example - farmer's protests against theRead more
The sociological theories of Marx , Durkheim , Weber remain relevant in modern India Society to some extent.
Marx’s concept of class struggle is evident in India’s economic disparities , where the wealthy elite hold power and marginalized remain oppressed. For example – farmer’s protests against the government’s agriculture policies reflect the struggle between haves and have-nots.
Durkheim’s ideas of social solidarity is seen in India’s strong family and community bonds , which provide emotional support and a sense of belonging. However , this solidarity can also perpetuate casteism and social exclusion , as seen in the persistence of honor killings and caste-based discrimination.
Weber’s notion of bureaucracy is reflected in India’s complex and often inefficient administrative system , where red tape and corruption hinder effective governance.
While these theories were developed in a different context , they still offer valuable insights into indian societies complexities and Challenges.
See lessDiscuss the functional aspect of religion by referring to theories of Durkheim, Radcliffe Brown and Malinowski.
Durkheim evolved a functional explanation for the existence of religion in the world.He observed its existence as a social fact and not as a supernatural phenomenon.He also focused on the role of religion in forging social solidarity by unifying individuals in the worship of an entity far greater thRead more
Durkheim evolved a functional explanation for the existence of religion in the world.He observed its existence as a social fact and not as a supernatural phenomenon.He also focused on the role of religion in forging social solidarity by unifying individuals in the worship of an entity far greater than themselves, namely,society itself.He denied that religion is concerned with the mysterious, with gods and spirits.Furthermore, He considered science as an extension of religion and sees no conflict between them.
See lessAccording to Radcliffe-Brown,the function of religion is to create a two-fold feeling of dependence on society and thereby obtain the individual’s concurrence with the social norms, the ultimate aim being social survival.
He emphasised how religion functions to uphold the collective social order. It binds individuals together and integrates them into the larger community by providing shared symbols and practices.
Malinowski argued that the main function of religion is to help individuals and society deal with the emotional stresses.The second function of religion according to him is to help people deal with situations or events which could not be fully controlled or predicted.Unlike Durkheim, Malinowski did not see religion as reflecting society as a whole,he argued that religion had a more specific function,that is of reinforcing solidarity during times of emotional stress that threaten to undermine the stability of society.