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Abanti Bai
Maharani Avantibai Lodhi (16 August 1831 – 20 March 1858) was a queen-ruler and freedom fighter. She was the queen of the Ramgarh (present-day Dindori) in Madhya Pradesh. An opponent of the British East India Company during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, information concerning her is sparse and mostlRead more
Maharani Avantibai Lodhi (16 August 1831 – 20 March 1858) was a queen-ruler and freedom fighter. She was the queen of the Ramgarh (present-day Dindori) in Madhya Pradesh. An opponent of the British East India Company during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, information concerning her is sparse and mostly comes from folklore. In 21st century, she has been used as a political icon in Lodhi community.
See lessAuthority and responsibility go hand in hand. Comment.
Power and accountability are intrinsically connected; neither can function independently. Having power allows individuals to make choices and guide actions, yet it also carries the duty to be answerable for the results. Those in leadership positions must guarantee that their choices serve the intereRead more
Power and accountability are intrinsically connected; neither can function independently. Having power allows individuals to make choices and guide actions, yet it also carries the duty to be answerable for the results. Those in leadership positions must guarantee that their choices serve the interests of the organization and its members, thereby meeting their obligations. This equilibrium is crucial for maintaining sound governance and principled leadership.
See lessWrite the full forms of the following:
The IUCN stands for the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Established in 1948, it is the world's oldest and largest global environmental network. The IUCN brings together governments, non-governmental organizations, and experts in the field to work together on the conservation of biodiRead more
The IUCN stands for the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Established in 1948, it is the world’s oldest and largest global environmental network. The IUCN brings together governments, non-governmental organizations, and experts in the field to work together on the conservation of biodiversity and the sustainable use of natural resources.
UNEP, on the other hand, is the United Nations Environment Programme. Founded in 1972, UNEP serves as the leading global environmental authority within the United Nations system.
See lessWhat is family health?
Family health is the health of all family units, including the physical, mental and emotional health of all family members, as well as the quality of relationships between each family member in the home every day. It combines frequent doctor visits, healthy meals, open dialogue, and encouragement toRead more
Family health is the health of all family units, including the physical, mental and emotional health of all family members, as well as the quality of relationships between each family member in the home every day. It combines frequent doctor visits, healthy meals, open dialogue, and encouragement to deal with health conditions together and make sure they never develop in the first place.
See lessDefine and distinguish between economic growth and economic development. How is the qualitative concept of economie development expressed with the help of Human Development Index?
Understanding Economic Growth and Economic Development Introduction Economic growth and economic development are two phrases typically used synonymously in economics, but they refer to different ideas and consequences. Economic development, on the other hand, refers to the qualitative and quantitatiRead more
Understanding Economic Growth and Economic Development
Introduction
Economic growth and economic development are two phrases typically used synonymously in economics, but they refer to different ideas and consequences. Economic development, on the other hand, refers to the qualitative and quantitative aspects of both economic growth and social progress improved in a country of the population under it, which is much more comprehensive compared to economic growth. In this article we will specify the difference between these concepts, and we will learn how the HDI expresses the qualitative part of the economic development.
Economic Growth
The most commonplace manner of measuring economic increase is thru the boom in a country’s Gross domestic Product (GDP) over time. GDP (Gross domestic Product) is a degree of the total financial output of a country. If a country’s GDP increases, it usually means that the country is producing more, and it often results in a higher income, more jobs and people consuming more. 1, Economic growth is a primary sign that analysts, investors, and policymakers Marcantonio, 2020 determine economic health and potential.
Most Important Features of Economic Growth:
Quantitative Measure: In simplest terms, economic growth is quantitative — an increase in economic output.
Output Focus: It focuses on the creation of goods and services.
It is also a short-term indicator: growth of GDP is measured on a quarterly or annual basis.
Market-Oriented: It is related with the markets in which investment, productivity and technological processes can take place.
Economic Development
Economic development, in contrast, is a broader idea of progress that includes more than just pure growth in gross domestic product–gdp. It comprises the enhancement of the living conditions, healthcare, schooling, and overall quality of life of a nation. It is a long-term, sustainable process that aims to create a more equitable, inclusive, and prosperous society, and is best viewed within the framework of economic development over time.
Essentials of Economic Development:
Qualitative accompanied by Quantitative: Economic movement additionally involves qualitative aspects.
Well-Being Oriented: Improvements in social indicators (health, education, income distribution) are prioritized.
Long-Term: Economic development strives to be long-term and focused on accurate and innovative economic development practices.
Social and Environmental Considerations: It considers the social and environmental effects of economic activities, supporting sustainable and inclusive growth.
Important Aspect Distinction Economic Growth and Economic Development
Economic growth and economic development are intertwined but are not synonymous. Economic growth is a necessary condition if not sufficient for economic development. Here are some important differences:
Scope:
Economic Growth: Measured by the growth of economic production.
Econ Dev: Right – but should be broader, add social, political and environmental.
Measurement:
Economic Growth: GDP and its growth rate
Economic Development: By a variety of metrics, like health, education and income distribution.
Objectives:
Economic growth: increase in the amount of goods and services produced per head of the population.
Economic Development: The betterment of the standard of living and the well-being of the people.
Sustainability:
Economic Expansion: Is often a temporary phenomenon, driven by external forces.
Economic Development: Focuses on long-term, sustainable change.
Inclusivity:
Economic Growth: May help only a few of the people.
Economic Development: Term for economic growth that aims to improve society as a whole with an emphasis on the poorer members.
Income inequalities accumulated until October 2023.
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite index that was introduced to measure the average achievement of a country in three basic dimensions of human development, as proposed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP):
Health: As measured by life expectancy at birth.
Education: Mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling.
Income: By Gross National Income (GNI) per capita.
By combining these three dimensions into a single index, the HDI offers a more comprehensive picture of a country’s level of development. It helps to explain qualitative characteristics of economic development by incorporating demographic or environmental variables rather than concentrating exclusively on economic production.
Qualitative Dimensions of Economic Development via HDI:
Health as a Foundation: Life expectancy at birth can be a good indicator of a country’s health. A higher life expectancy indicates better healthcare systems, living conditions, and overall well-being.
Education is the Bedrock: Both mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling play a pivotal role in gauging a nation’s educational prowess. Education is associated with better job opportunities, higher incomes, and higher quality decisions.
Conception and Use of Income that is Readily Available. GNI per capita pertains to the average income a citizen is entitled to in a nation. The HDI takes into account income distribution as well, so that economic gains are not concentrated among a small elite.
Incorporating these aspects allows for a nuanced view of development, which is reflected in the way HDI is reported. For instance, one might have high GDP growth but at the expense of life expectancy and educational outcomes, earning a lower HDI score than another country that might have moderate economic growth but strong health and educational improvements.
Case Studies
Norway: Long at or near the top on the HDI, which reports favorable circumstances in the realms of health, education and income. Norwegians enjoy a robust welfare state, high life expectancy and high educational levels.
Summary of the HDI Scores and RankingsOther points are : — India – Fast economic growth but big room to improve on health and education resultant moderate HDI score. This underscores the need to tackle social and economic inequalities to ensure all-inclusive economic growth.
Conclusion
Economic growth is not the same as economic development. Economic growth is a necessary ingredient in economic development but it is not sufficient. The Human Development Index (HDI) is an important tool that enables us to express the qualitative component of economic development by including health, education and income into one unitary exercise. Understanding that economic development is not only sustainable and inclusive but also relates to larger elements enables policymakers to take corrective measures in a multidimensional approach.
Grasping the nuances between economic growth and economic development is particularly important for creating policies that aspire to higher levels of economic output and greater quality of life for all citizens.
See lessWrite Newton's laws of motion and explain in detail.
Newton’s Laws of Motion: The Mantra of Classical Mechanics Sir Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientists in history, established the foundation of classical mechanics when he introduced his three laws of motion. These laws, which he articulated in great detail in the seminal book “Philosophiæ NatRead more
Newton’s Laws of Motion: The Mantra of Classical Mechanics
Sir Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientists in history, established the foundation of classical mechanics when he introduced his three laws of motion. These laws, which he articulated in great detail in the seminal book “Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica” in 1687, provide a comprehensive system for understanding what makes things move. So now—let’s dive into each law and what that means.
The First Law of Motion (Newton’s First Law): The Law of Inertia
So far, well behind you, you could not hear the third statement: A body at rest tends to stay at rest, and a body in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
Explanation:
Third Law: The Third Law deals with the concept of inertia, or an object keeps its state of motion (rest or motion). Inertia is directly proportional to an object’s mass; the more mass that exists, the more inertia there is, and thus the harder it is to push that object.
Or, more simply put: An object stays at rest, or in motion at constant speed in a straight line, unless acted on by a net external force. Meaning a stationary object will remain stationary, and a object in motion will remain in motion in the same direction and at the same speed unless acted upon by an outside force.
Unbalanced Force: An unbalanced force is a force that is not balanced with an equal and opposite force. It means that, for example, a ball moving along a surface without friction, will never stop, until some external force (friction, impact, etc) occurs.
For example, imagine a book on a table. So based on Newton’s first law, the book will stay where it is (at rest) until a force, such as a push or a pull, is applied to it. Similarly, a state 1 car on a straight and flat road is completely torque-free; it will continue to move at constant velocity until something external, say the brakes or a speed bump, puts it in some other state.
Second of Newton Laws of Motion: The Law of Acceleration
Best paraphrase:Law: An object acted upon by a net force will accelerate in the direction of the net force. a). The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object. b).
To define Bolds ( F = ma )
Force(F): The net force that acts on an object is the vector sum of the forces that act on the object.
It is a measure of an object’s reluctance to change its state of motion.
Acceleration (a): It represents how much the velocity of an object is changing with respect to the time.
Explanation:
Directly Proportional: The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force applied to it, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
Not Only Proportional also Inversely as well: Given a constant net force, doubling the mass will halve the acceleration.
Knowing the net force tells the direction of the acceleration vector on the basis of Newton’s second law.
For instance, consider a shopping cart. So if you have a cart and you give it a little push. It can go faster than that, if you push it harder. On the other hand, if the cart’s mass doubles (say you throw a whole slew of stuff into it), it will require twice the amount of force to achieve the same amount of acceleration.
The Third Law of Motion : The Law of Action and Reaction
This is to say that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Explanation:
It is one of the laws of motion. Thus these forces are on two different objects and have the same magnitude and are oppositely directed.
Format: Axle weighing; Date with a clear start; External (velocities and lengths) and internal (forces, moments, and principles) angles; Force pairs always; To each action, anti-action. They don’t cancel each other out — they act on different objects.
Example: If you jump, your legs will push against the ground (action). Then the ground pushes back an equal and opposite reaction onto your body, and pushes you up into the air. Similar is when a rocket expels gas from its engine (action). As the gas recoils backward, it exerts an equal and opposite force on the rocket (the second half of newtons symbols), propelling the rocket backwards.
Implications and Applications
Principle of Inertia: Compared to seat-belts of safety measures, the principle of inertia is important to understand. When a vehicle comes to an abrupt halt, one that is inside continues to move forward due to inertia. A seatbelt resists this motion to protect the occupant.
Motion Dynamics: Newton’s 2nd law is the groundwork in engineering and physics to find the forces required to reach the desired accelerations. It is used in engineering for vehicle trajectories and modeling the behavior of mechanical systems; it is used in the academic study of projectiles; and it’s used in the planning of spacecraft and trajectories.
Momentum Conservation: Newton’s third law lays the groundwork for momentum conservation. In a closed system, the momentum before and after an interaction is conserved. This postulate is the basis for collisions, explosions, and interactions of particles in all physical environments.
Conclusion
In physics, Newton’s laws of motion is the basis of classical mechanics and describe it with simplicity, but can still have complex applications to moving bodies. These laws have been tried, tested and proven time and again through the centuries and are fundamental in our understanding of the physical world. So in short, The Newton’s laws of motion is the shell of classical mechanics which gives the basic idea of how the forces act on the objects and how the objects move under the influence of various forces which provides a rough initial understanding of its wide variety of applications like from the everyday experience to the advanced engineering to high energy physics.
See lessDefine and distinguish between economic growth and economic development. How is the qualitative concept of economie development expressed with the help of Human Development Index?
Economic Growth vs Economic Development — The Difference and the Human Development Index While economists often use the terms economic growth and economic development interchangeably, they refer to different concepts and are assessed according to different criteria. Whereas economic growth is measurRead more
Economic Growth vs Economic Development — The Difference and the Human Development Index
While economists often use the terms economic growth and economic development interchangeably, they refer to different concepts and are assessed according to different criteria. Whereas economic growth is measured in quantitative terms, mainly as the increase in a country’s economic production, economic development is a qualitative measure of progress across a wider range of factors, including social, health, and environmental factors. So, in this article, we will try to define these two indeed, and in this process, we will also learn how the qualitative aspects of economic development are expressed through the Human Development Index (HDI).
Economic Growth
Economic growth is generally considered the increase of an economy’s ability to produce goods and services during a specific time period. It is most often measured as the percentage change in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or Gross National Product (GNP). It is being said that Economic growth goes a long way in determining the overall economic health of a nation and is also one of the factors to evaluate the effectiveness of various economic policies and strategies. Economic Growth
But economic growth is a narrow metric, encompassing only the financial and material aspects of an economy. It also doesn’t mean that people’s lives have improved or that issues with income inequality, education, health care, and environmental sustainability have been solved. In another example, a nation may have rapidly rising levels of oil extraction or industry activity, leading to high rates of economic growth, but this may not result in better rates of health, education, or other aspects of quality of life.
Economic Development
However, economic development is a more holistic approach than simple economic growth. A term that encompasses the process of making the economic, social, and political well-being of people better. It is not merely about boosting the production of goods and services, but rather about the growth of overall quality of life and making sure that the benefits of economic progress are distributed fairly throughout society.
Economic development Key points are the following:
Income Distribution: Different patterns of income distribution will be proposed according to the progress of the society and in order to express the propounding economic development.
The Importance of Education: Education is an essential factor in economic development as it prepares individuals for the job market.
Healthcare: Economic development creators also promote better healthcare, which translates into improved health outcomes and longer life expectancy.
Job opportunity: Employment is like the backbone of the economy help in development of the economy also keep people connected to the other part well in future that we know.
Infrastructure: Infrastructure systems, including roads and railways, bridges, airports, ports, power generation and transport systems, and also the energy supply, are also essential for growth.
Environmental sustainability: Economic development must promote sustainability, taking care of natural resources and the environment.
The Human Development Index (HDI)
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic that ranks countries by level of economic development. Introduced by the UNDP [United Nations Development Programme] in 1990, it aims to offer a broader basis for delivering a measure of well-being than the GDP alone can provide. The HDI reflects three dimensions of human development:
Health: Quantified by life expectancy at birth, a reflection of the overall health and living conditions experienced by a country’s people.
Education: The average of years of schooling of adults 25 years of age and older, and expected years of schooling of school-age children, showing the scale of learning potential;
Living Standards: Measured by gross national income (GNI) per capita, which is indicative of resources available to individuals.
The HDI provides a more comprehensive perspective of a country’s success and welfare by intersecting these three aspects. This kind of analysis helps to draw attention to the qualitative aspects of economic development that tend to be obscured by strictly economic indicators such as GDP.
Qualitative Insights from the HDI into Economic Development
The HDI is a useful tool for articulate the qualitative aspects of economic development.
As with income, this measure is concerned with well-being, unlike GDP, a purely economic measure. It takes into account things like health and education, which are vital to high living standards.
Includes Social Indicators: The HDI has included social indicators like life expectancy and education within it, that are vital when it comes to the social aspect of economic development. Such indicators are useful in determining if growth is meaningful in improving social conditions.
Shines a Light on Inequality: The HDI can be modified to factor in how that growth is distributed, allowing a more fine-grained analysis of whether the gains of that growth are being fairly shared. The Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) is a measure of the human development index which adjusts the HDI to account for inequality in the distribution of these dimensions.
Promotes Sustainable Development: The HDI incentivizes countries to pursue sustainable economic development by taking living standards into account, ensuring economic growth does not hinder the quality of life of future generations. Good governance is especially relevant where environmental sustainability and resource management are concerned.
Conclusion
economic development In making this definition, there should not be confused with economic growth and economic development, because they are different and interconnected concepts. Economic growth is a necessary condition of economic development, but it is not a sufficient condition. To be able to assess how a country is doing in a specific domain, the assessment best comprises multidimensional factors, including qualitative factors such as health, education or income distribution. The Human Development Index (HDI) is an important metric that helps to reflect these qualitative aspects of economic development and gives us a better and more focused way to know about a nation’s well-being.
This two-pronged approach fits better for economies nowadays and policymakers should try to better shape the future by ensuring economic growth and economic development in their countries. This metric reinforces that economic advisers should not solely focus on boosting GDP, but rather should concentrate on enhancing the quality of life and creating an economic environment in which the spoils of progress are widely distributed.
See lessCritically examine the administrative distribution of powers with reference to Centre-State relations..
See lessState the salient features of Vivekananda's 'Universal Religion'.
Swami vivekanand concept of "universal religion" is a inclusive approach that accept all religion, harmony and unity among them. Swami vivekanand focused on the importance of spiritual growth, self realization and service to humanity and reason. By recognize the value of all religion, he promote mutRead more
Swami vivekanand concept of “universal religion” is a inclusive approach that accept all religion, harmony and unity among them. Swami vivekanand focused on the importance of spiritual growth, self realization and service to humanity and reason. By recognize the value of all religion, he promote mutual respect and understanding between all the religion. It focus on person individual spiritual growth and promote global citizens. This thinking or approach promote deeper understanding of world lead to compassionate and enlightened society. His universal religion became hope for humanity, encourage us to move beyond our difference and work toward goal of spiritual growth and self-realization. By embrace this approach, we can create better world where everyone live peacefully.
See lessCase Study
Ethical dilemmas The ethical dilemmas in this case include conflict professional ethics versus personal safety, truthfulness versus deception and accountability versus corruption. As the chairman of road quality inspection committer, I am between altering a file I am risking by integrity of refusingRead more
Ethical dilemmas
The ethical dilemmas in this case include conflict professional ethics versus personal safety, truthfulness versus deception and accountability versus corruption. As the chairman of road quality inspection committer, I am between altering a file I am risking by integrity of refusing it I face potential threats and intimidation.
Option available
– I can accept the offer and alter the file which would compromise my Integrity and ethics.
– I can refuse the offer and submit true report and doesn’t compromise my integrity and ethics.
-I can resign to avoid to it but it would abandon my responsibility.
– report the incident to higher authorities
– seek support from colleagues, mentors
Pros and cons
-By accepting the offer I get financial gain but compromise my integrity
– by refusing it I uphold by my integrity but increase the risk of threats
– by resigning I avoid my responsibility.
– reporting the incident uphold law and order but risk retaliation.
Best action
The best action is to refuse the bribe and submit truthful report. This holds ethics and integrity.
Conclusion
I am a public servent, my responsibility is to serve the public interest not my personal gain or interest.
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