How did colonialism affect the art and architecture of India?
The battle of Buxar was one of the most important war happened in the history of India. The battle of Buxar was fought between 22nd and 23rd October, 1764. this war fought between the East Indian company forces under the command of Major HECTOR MUNRO against the combined army of Banaras, Awadh and BRead more
The battle of Buxar was one of the most important war happened in the history of India. The battle of Buxar was fought between 22nd and 23rd October, 1764. this war fought between the East Indian company forces under the command of Major HECTOR MUNRO against the combined army of Banaras, Awadh and Bengal. At the time of the war the Maharaja of BANARAS was Balwanat Singh, The Nawab of Bengal was Mir Qasim, The Nawab of Awadh was Shuja- ud- Daula and Shah Alam II, Emperor of Mughal Empire.. They combine d their army against the army of East India company.
There were many reason behind the battle of Buxar. In this answer we will only talk about the political aspects of the Battle of Buxar:-
Political Power Struggles: The Mughal Empire was in decline, and regional powers like the Nawabs of Bengal and Awadh were trying to assert their independence and power in their respective regions. The British East India Company, on the other hand, was expanding its influence and control over various parts of India, including Bengal.
Conflict over AuthorityanThe British and the Indian rulers clashed over issues of authority and sovereignty. The Nawab of Bengal, Mir Qasim, had grievances against the British for interfering in his administration and for their economic policies that harmed local interests. There were so many conflicts among the states and the British for the power and trade. After sometime the British company also interfere in the administration of the states. Which the Battle of Buxar.
Immediate Triggers: The immediate cause of the Battle of Buxar was the refusal of the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, the Nawab of Awadh Shuja-ud-Daula, and the Nawab of Bengal Mir Qasim to accept the Treaty of Allahabad (1765), which granted the East India Company the diwani rights (the right to collect revenue) in Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa. This refusal led to the outbreak of hostilities. The misuse of Diwani rights by the British during trade also cause this battle.
After the battle of Buxar The British east India got the right to collect the taxes from Bengal and Bihar. After the battle the East India company abolished the local rule and took control all over the Bengal and Bihar province. The lack of unity within the states was made easier for British to rule over the states.
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Colonialism profoundly impacted Indian art and architecture. The British introduced new styles and materials, blending their own architectural preferences with traditional Indian designs. This fusion, known as Indo-Saracenic architecture, is seen in landmarks like the Victoria Memorial in Kolkata anRead more
Colonialism profoundly impacted Indian art and architecture. The British introduced new styles and materials, blending their own architectural preferences with traditional Indian designs. This fusion, known as Indo-Saracenic architecture, is seen in landmarks like the Victoria Memorial in Kolkata and the Gateway of India in Mumbai. These structures combined European elements, such as columns and clock towers, with Indian features like domes and intricate carvings.
In art, British influence led to new techniques and styles. British artists painted Indian landscapes, people, and events, often depicting their view of India. Indian artists began to adopt these new methods, blending them with their own traditions. The Bengal School of Art emerged during this time, promoting a fusion of Indian themes with Western techniques.
Colonial rule also caused the decline of some traditional art forms and crafts. British policies often favored European goods and styles over local ones, impacting indigenous artisans and their livelihoods.
Despite these challenges, Indian art and architecture adapted and evolved. The colonial period left a lasting legacy of diverse cultural influences, resulting in a unique blend that reflects both Indian heritage and colonial impact. This period of adaptation and change enriched India’s cultural landscape, making it a testament to its resilient and dynamic spirit.
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