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Modern India

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Home/Modern India/Page 2

Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

Appikonda Jaya Santosh Kumar
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Appikonda Jaya Santosh KumarBegginer
Asked: July 21, 2024In: , , , , ,
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aibig dataindian economyiotsmart citiestechnology
  1. Darshan Karthik K J
    Darshan Karthik K J Begginer

    Smart city initiatives in India have the potential to benefit from emerging technologies such as IoT, AI, and big data to enhance urban infrastructure and improve services for citizens.Using IoT enables the creation of interconnected sensor networks to monitor traffic, air quality, and energy usage,Read more

    Smart city initiatives in India have the potential to benefit from emerging technologies such as IoT, AI, and big data to enhance urban infrastructure and improve services for citizens.Using IoT enables the creation of interconnected sensor networks to monitor traffic, air quality, and energy usage, providing real-time data for efficient city management.

    AI can analyze the data collected through IoT to optimize traffic flow, reduce pollution, and predict maintenance needs for infrastructure, resulting in cost savings and improved urban living conditions.Big data analytics plays a essential role in processing vast amounts of information from various sources, providing insights for better decision-making in urban planning, resource allocation, and emergency response.

    By using these technologies together, smarter waste management, energy-efficient buildings, and personalized public services can be achieved, eventually making cities more livable, sustainable, and responsive to the needs of their residents.

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Anonymous
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Anonymous
Asked: July 12, 2024In: ,
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This question is related to the ruiling power of Bengal. Why British constantly change the Nawab of Bengal?

after conquered the bengal region how east india company managed the nawab's of bengal? why british east india constantly change the nawab's of bengal in a frequent time?question
  1. Pranav Shah
    Pranav Shah Learner

    The British East India Company (BEIC) and the British government had a complex and tumultuous relationship with the Nawabs of Bengal, and there were several reasons why they frequently changed them. Here are some of the main reasons: Financial control: The BEIC was interested in expanding its tradeRead more

    The British East India Company (BEIC) and the British government had a complex and tumultuous relationship with the Nawabs of Bengal, and there were several reasons why they frequently changed them. Here are some of the main reasons:

    1. Financial control: The BEIC was interested in expanding its trade and commerce in Bengal, which was a significant producer of revenue for the Mughal Empire. By installing a puppet ruler, they could control the flow of revenue and extract more wealth from the region.
    2. Strategic interests: Bengal was strategically located, connecting the Indian subcontinent to Southeast Asia and the Middle East. The British wanted to secure control over this region to expand their trade and influence in the region.
    3. Fear of rebellion: The Nawabs of Bengal were known for their independence and sometimes even rebellious nature. The British feared that if they didn’t keep a close eye on them, they might stage a rebellion or form alliances with other powers to challenge British dominance.
    4. Rivalries and factionalism: The Mughal Empire was already weakening, and the Nawabs of Bengal were often embroiled in internal conflicts, rivalries, and factionalism. The British saw an opportunity to exploit these divisions and install their own puppet rulers.
    5. Debt and financial mismanagement: The Nawabs of Bengal were often deeply in debt, and the British used this as leverage to gain control over their finances. By installing a new ruler, they could restructure the debt and gain control over the revenue.
    6. Subjugation and colonization: As the British East India Company’s power grew, they sought to extend their control over Bengal through diplomacy, military conquest, or both. They would often install puppet rulers who would pledge allegiance to the British Crown.
    7. Pretext for military intervention: In some cases, the British used the excuse of misrule or corruption to justify military intervention in Bengal. This allowed them to occupy the region and impose their own administration.
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Smriti rajput
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Smriti rajputBegginer
Asked: July 21, 2024In: ,
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Define polity in one word?

  1. Anita Dhruw
    Anita Dhruw Legend

    Concept of polity refers to the political organization of a society, including its form of government, laws, and institutions.

    Concept of polity refers to the political organization of a society, including its form of government, laws, and institutions.

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Janvi singh
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Janvi singh
Asked: July 26, 2024In: , ,
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a disaster on india’s traditionl economy demolition of artisians craftsmen introdution of new landlord system poor situation of agriculture

question
  1. Mission
    Mission Begginer

    Colonial rule in India was very bad for the traditional economy. It hurt artisans and craftsmen, brought in new landlords who made farming hard, and made agriculture poor.

    Colonial rule in India was very bad for the traditional economy. It hurt artisans and craftsmen, brought in new landlords who made farming hard, and made agriculture poor.

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Dipshikha Anand
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Dipshikha AnandLearner
Asked: July 27, 2024In: , ,
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question
  1. Khushi
    Khushi Begginer

    Various factors contribute to the decreasing dependency of children on their parents, including: Education Burden: Modern education systems require students to take high responsibility of their own educational learning.With rigorous academic activities, children are compelled to manage their time moRead more

    Various factors contribute to the decreasing dependency of children on their parents, including:

    1. Education Burden: Modern education systems require students to take high responsibility of their own educational learning.With rigorous academic activities, children are compelled to manage their time more independently.
    2. Stress : The stress and pressure related to academics, career prospects, and societal expectations drive children to become isolated. To cope up with these pressures they often develop a feeling to be independent.
    3. Technology Oriented: Children can find information and resources independently, reducing their reliance on parents for academic support and social interaction.
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Tanay
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TanayBegginer
Asked: July 16, 2024In:
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Why was there a sudden spurt in famines in colonial India since the mid-eighteenth century? Give reasons.

british rulecolonial indiafaminesindiamid-eighteenth century
  1. Aditya Mishra
    Aditya Mishra Begginer

    One of the main aspects of British rule was the recurring famine. It can be seen by following examples .Examples include the Deccan Famine of 1630, the Great Bengal Famine of 1770, the Agra Famine of 1837–1838, and others. Throughout these famines, about 4 crore people perished. The following factorRead more

    One of the main aspects of British rule was the recurring famine. It can be seen by following examples .Examples include the Deccan Famine of 1630, the Great Bengal Famine of 1770, the Agra Famine of 1837–1838, and others. Throughout these famines, about 4 crore people perished. The following factors contributed to an abrupt increase in famines in colonial India: 1. Man-Made Famine: During World War II, Indian grains were diverted to combat missions abroad. 2. Rainfed Agriculture: Affected by the monsoon’s failure

    3. Absence of Institutional Development: emphasis on cash crops (tea, indigo, jute, etc.) rather than scientific irrigation and agriculture.4. Lack of diversity in employment: (over-dependence on agriculture).

     

    5. Role of Railway: agricultural surplus transported to deficit areas, as well as to cater to the needs of the British army made it difficult to the rural India.

     

    6. Destruction of Rural Economy: Heavy import duty. withdrawal of patronage, etc transformed artisans into agricultural peasants.

     

    7. Commercialization of agriculture, Colonial plunder, drain of wealth, and monopoly profits in international trade exacerbated the droughts toward famines..

    however no major famine occurred in India after independence.

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Adheesh Raman
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Adheesh RamanLearner
Asked: January 4, 2025In:
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Roadmap for Answer Writing: 1. Introduction (Brief Overview of the Revolt of 1857) Context: Begin by briefly mentioning the Revolt of 1857, its causes, and its significance. Explain that it marked a major turning point in British colonial history in India. Link to ...

upsc: growth nationalism india (1858-1905)
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer The Revolt of 1857 led to significant changes in the British administration and army in India, reflecting the British government's response to the rebellion and its efforts to maintain control. Changes in the Administration Transfer of Power: The Government of India Act, 1858, marked thRead more

    Model Answer

    The Revolt of 1857 led to significant changes in the British administration and army in India, reflecting the British government’s response to the rebellion and its efforts to maintain control.

    Changes in the Administration

    1. Transfer of Power:
      The Government of India Act, 1858, marked the transfer of power from the East India Company to the British Crown. Queen Victoria was declared the sovereign of British India, and the administration was now to be overseen by a Secretary of State for India, supported by a Council. The Governor-General of India, now titled Viceroy, continued to administer the country (source: Government of India Act, 1858).
    2. Provincial Administration:
      The Indian Councils Act of 1861 brought decentralisation to the provincial level. It established Legislative Councils in major provinces like Bombay, Madras, and Bengal, which helped distribute authority across local governments (source: Indian Councils Act, 1861).
    3. Local Bodies and Public Services:
      Following the financial strains of the revolt, the British promoted local governance through Municipalities and District Boards. Additionally, the Indian Civil Service, previously an exclusive British institution, was opened to Indians, allowing them to take competitive exams for administrative posts (source: administrative reforms after 1857).

    Changes in the Army

    1. Increased Role of Europeans:
      To prevent future uprisings, the British restructured the army, increasing the proportion of European soldiers. European troops were placed in key military positions, especially in artillery, tanks, and armoured corps, which were kept under European control (source: army reorganisation after 1857).
    2. Divide and Rule:
      The British adopted a “divide and rule” strategy in recruiting Indian soldiers, focusing on caste, religion, and regional differences to prevent unity among the Indian troops. They introduced caste-based regiments and communal companies, ensuring the army remained divided and loyal to British interests (source: army recruitment policies post-1857).

    These reforms made the British rule more autocratic, suppressing Indian aspirations for power-sharing. Ultimately, this approach contributed to the rise of modern nationalism among the educated Indian middle class.

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Ishaan Chopra
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Ishaan ChopraBegginer
Asked: September 23, 2024In:
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Examine how the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 affected recruitment and military strategies in Britain.

upsc: military under the british
  1. Umang Singh Yadav
    Umang Singh Yadav Expert

    The Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 had a significant impact on British military policies and recruitment practices in India leading to major reforms and changes. Reorganization and Reforms -  Direct British control referred to the Crown's assumption of authority over the Indian Army replacing the East India CRead more

    The Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 had a significant impact on British military policies and recruitment practices in India leading to major reforms and changes.

    Reorganization and Reforms – 

    1. Direct British control referred to the Crown’s assumption of authority over the Indian Army replacing the East India Company’s control in 1858.
    2. Reorganization of the Indian Army involved abolishing the British East India Company’s authority placing the army under British Crown control and restructuring command and recruitment policies .
    3. The reduction of the Bengal Army involved significantly downsizing and reorganizing the army which was at the forefront of the Sepoy Mutiny to prevent future uprisings.

     

    Changes in Recruitment Practices – 

    1. Shift from general to regional recruitment involved focusing on specific regions such as Punjab and the North West Frontier to recruit loyal and martial ethnic groups.
    2. Adoption of the Martial Races theory involved recruiting from specific ethnic groups such as Sikhs, Gurkhas and Pathans deemed loyal and martially inclined.
    3. Increased emphasis on loyalty and discipline involved rigorous screening, training and indoctrination to ensure recruits unwavering loyalty to the British Crown and adherence to military discipline.

     

    The Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 was a watershed moment in the history of British India leading to significant changes in military policies and recruitment practices. These reforms had far reaching consequences shaping the Indian Army’s composition, structure and relationships with the British colonial government.

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Diya Raman
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Diya RamanBegginer
Asked: September 25, 2024In:
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Examine B.R. Ambedkar’s contributions to the cause of social justice and the rights of India’s underprivileged groups.

upsc: contribution of personalities
  1. Umang Singh Yadav
    Umang Singh Yadav Expert

    B.R. Ambedkar was born on April 14 1891 in Mhow, Madhya Pradesh. He studied economics at Columbia University and the London School of Economics earning doctorates in 1927 and 1923 .Here's an analysis of B.R. Ambedkar's role in advocating for social justice and the rights of marginalized communitiesRead more

    B.R. Ambedkar was born on April 14 1891 in Mhow, Madhya Pradesh. He studied economics at Columbia University and the London School of Economics earning doctorates in 1927 and 1923 .Here’s an analysis of B.R. Ambedkar’s role in advocating for social justice and the rights of marginalized communities in India –

    • B.R. Ambedkar established Bahishkrit Hitakarini Sabha on July 20, 1924 to promote education and rights of untouchables .
    • B.R. Ambedkar’s leadership in the Dalit movement focused on empowering marginalized communities through education, social reform and political activism.
    • B.R. Ambedkar participated in the 1930-32 Round Table Conferences advocating for separate electorates for depressed classes.
    • B.R. Ambedkar chaired the Constituent Assembly’s drafting committee shaping India’s Constitution and ensuring social justice and equality.
    • B.R. Ambedkar advocated for social and economic rights through law ensuring equality and justice for marginalized communities.
    • B.R. Ambedkar’s inspiring thoughts and legacy continue to fuel social and political movements for equality and justice worldwide .
    • Empowerment of marginalized communities by B.R. Ambedkar involved education, economic autonomy and legal rights to uplift their socio economic status.

     

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Jayant Gaikwad
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Jayant GaikwadBegginer
Asked: August 6, 2024In:
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In the violent struggle against colonial rule, talk about the role played by revolutionary groups like the Anushilan Samiti and the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.

upsc: growth of militant nationalism & revolutionary activities (1905-1918)
  1. Shekhar jaat
    Shekhar jaat Begginer
    This answer was edited.

    Role of Revolutionary Organizations in Armed Struggle The Indian freedom movement witnessed the rise of several revolutionary organizations that played a crucial role in the armed struggle against colonial rule. Two prominent examples are the Anushilan Samiti and the Hindustan Socialist Republican ARead more

    Role of Revolutionary Organizations in Armed Struggle

    The Indian freedom movement witnessed the rise of several revolutionary organizations that played a crucial role in the armed struggle against colonial rule.

    Two prominent examples are the Anushilan Samiti and the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA).

    Anushilan Samiti:

    Established in 1906 by Barindra Kumar Ghosh, the Anushilan Samiti was a revolutionary organization that aimed to overthrow British colonial rule through armed struggle. The organization was responsible for several notable acts of terrorism, including the assassination of Sir Andrew Fraser, a British governor, and the murder of British officials and planters. The Samiti’s ideology was influenced by the teachings of Swami Vivekananda and the writings of Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay.

    Key Points:

    • Radical Ideology: The Anushilan Samiti was characterized by its radical ideology, which emphasized the use of violence and terrorism to achieve independence.
    • Notable Members: The organization had several notable members, including Bhupendra Nath Datta, who was a key figure in the movement.
    • Armed Activities: The Samiti was involved in several armed activities, including assassinations and bombings.

    Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA):

    Founded in 1928 by Chandrasekhar Azad and Bhagat Singh, the HSRA was a revolutionary organization that aimed to overthrow British colonial rule through armed struggle. The organization was responsible for several notable acts of terrorism, including the assassination of British officials and the bombing of government buildings.

    Key Points:

    • Radical Ideology: The HSRA was characterized by its radical ideology, which emphasized the need for revolution and violence to achieve independence.
    • Notable Members: The organization had several notable members, including Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev, who were executed for their involvement in revolutionary activities.
    • Armed Activities: The HSRA was involved in several armed activities, including assassinations and bombings.

    Recent Examples:

    In recent years, there have been several instances of militant activism in India, often linked to separatist movements or demands for greater autonomy. For example:

    • Naxalite Movement: The Naxalite movement, which originated in the 1960s, has continued to evolve over the years, with groups like the Communist Party of India (Maoist) engaging in armed struggle against the government.
    • Kashmir Insurgency: The Kashmir insurgency has seen several instances of militant activity, including attacks on security forces and civilians.

    Key Points:

    • Continuing Legacy: The legacy of revolutionary organizations like the Anushilan Samiti and HSRA continues to influence militant activism in India.
    • Complex Issues: The causes of militant activism are often complex and multifaceted, involving issues like poverty, inequality, and political marginalization.
    • Government Response: The government’s response to militant activism has often been characterized by a mix of military action and attempts at dialogue and reconciliation.
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