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International Relations

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Home/International Relations/Page 8

Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

gampa rishitha
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gampa rishithaBegginer
Asked: July 31, 2024In: , , , , ,
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How will the rise of digital nomadism influence the development and distribution of IT infrastructure globally?

globalgloballyindustryitsociety
  1. gampa rishitha
    gampa rishitha Begginer

    Digital nomadism refers to a lifestyle where individuals leverage technology to work remotely from various locations around the world, rather than being tied to a single office or geographic area. This trend has gained momentum with advancements in communication technologies, the widespread availabiRead more

    Digital nomadism refers to a lifestyle where individuals leverage technology to work remotely from various locations around the world, rather than being tied to a single office or geographic area. This trend has gained momentum with advancements in communication technologies, the widespread availability of high-speed internet, and the growing acceptance of remote work by employers.

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Shreehari Acharya
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Shreehari AcharyaBegginer
Asked: July 16, 2024In: , , ,
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cost of livingtravel
  1. Kumar Mohit
    Kumar Mohit Begginer
    This answer was edited.

    Reason why kolkata should not be considered boring: Cultural hub : the kolkata being the old city of india has several culture with in it and host numerous festivals like durga pujas and many more which flourishes the city. Historical significance:the city has many buildings from the british era itsRead more

    Reason why kolkata should not be considered boring:

    Cultural hub : the kolkata being the old city of india has several culture with in it and host numerous festivals like durga pujas and many more which flourishes the city.
    Historical significance:the city has many buildings from the british era itself such as victoria memorial ,howrah bridge and many monuments from that era.
    Educational aspects: the city is well reputed due to its Educational hipe the university of Calcutta proves the caliber of an individual and the jadavpur university itself is giant in education arena.
    Diverse cuisine :kolkata is full of diversified food their traditional bengali dishes and their street food marks a amazing craze among everyone.

    Reason why some might feel kolkata boring:

    Traffic levels: the traffic in kolkata is lot which for many makes it uncomforable to live .the people may suffer due to it .
    Climate change:the hot and humid climate of kolkata makes it hot pan for every individual and thus makes it quite unimaginable to live there.
    Urban challenges: like the other metropolitan cities the kolkata has same issue about pollution ,coagulation and population thus it makes uncomfortable to live in such aa crowdy and polluted area .
    Pace of life:the person might not feel such pace of life by living so in the other indian cities like banglore and mumbai ,their pace of life is not so comparable with the kolkata .

    And all these aspects can make someone feel like boring….

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Karishma Kumari
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Karishma KumariBegginer
Asked: July 18, 2024In:
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Analyze the importance of India’s relationships with growing tiny island nations in the Indian Ocean region, like the Maldives, Mauritius, and Seychelles. Talk about these relationships’ strategic and developmental aspects.

upsc: bilateral relations
  1. Sanjay Nambiar
    Sanjay Nambiar Begginer

    India's relations with small island developing states (SIDS) in the Indian Ocean, such as the Maldives, Mauritius, and Seychelles, hold considerable strategic and developmental significance. Here's a detailed examination of these dimensions: Strategic Dimensions Geopolitical Influence: Strategic LocRead more

    India’s relations with small island developing states (SIDS) in the Indian Ocean, such as the Maldives, Mauritius, and Seychelles, hold considerable strategic and developmental significance. Here’s a detailed examination of these dimensions:

    Strategic Dimensions
    Geopolitical Influence:

    Strategic Location: The Maldives, Mauritius, and Seychelles are strategically located in the Indian Ocean, a vital maritime route for global trade. India’s engagement with these islands helps to ensure stability and security in this crucial region.
    Counterbalance to External Powers: These countries’ strategic locations offer a counterbalance to the influence of external powers like China, which has been increasing its presence in the Indian Ocean through investments and maritime activities. Strengthening ties with these island nations helps India maintain regional influence and safeguard its maritime interests.
    Maritime Security:

    Anti-Piracy Efforts: India cooperates with these nations in anti-piracy operations and maritime security. Collaborative initiatives, such as joint naval exercises and information sharing, enhance maritime security and safeguard the vital sea lanes of communication.
    Disaster Response: India’s support in times of natural disasters, such as cyclones or tsunamis, strengthens its role as a regional leader in humanitarian assistance and disaster relief, which further consolidates its strategic influence.
    Developmental Dimensions
    Economic Cooperation:

    Trade and Investment: India’s trade relations with these island states cover various sectors, including pharmaceuticals, textiles, and agricultural products. Investments from India in infrastructure projects, such as roads and ports, help in the economic development of these nations.
    Tourism and Connectivity: India contributes to the development of tourism infrastructure in these countries, boosting their economies. Improved connectivity through air and sea routes also fosters economic growth.
    Technical and Capacity Building Assistance:

    Development Projects: India has been involved in numerous development projects in these countries, including renewable energy initiatives, water supply projects, and education programs. For instance, India’s assistance in the development of the Maldives’ road networks and Seychelles’ healthcare system demonstrates its commitment to the developmental needs of these nations.
    Skill Development: India provides training and capacity-building programs in various fields, including health, education, and governance. These programs help in enhancing local expertise and fostering sustainable development.
    Environmental and Climate Change Initiatives:

    Climate Resilience: Given the vulnerability of these island states to climate change and rising sea levels, India has supported various environmental and climate resilience projects. This includes assistance in managing natural resources and implementing climate adaptation strategies.
    Conclusion
    India’s relations with the Maldives, Mauritius, and Seychelles are multifaceted, encompassing both strategic and developmental aspects. These partnerships are crucial for enhancing regional stability, ensuring maritime security, and fostering economic growth. Through its engagement, India not only strengthens its own strategic position but also contributes to the sustainable development of these island states, promoting stability and prosperity in the Indian Ocean region.

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Rahul Singh
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Rahul SinghBegginer
Asked: July 17, 2024In:
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Evaluate the long-term strategic effects of India’s neighborhood policy on its goal of emerging as a major world power. Talk about the possible obstacles and the changes India needs to make to its strategy in the area.

upsc: india & neighbourhood
  1. Anirudh Singh
    Anirudh Singh Learner

    Long-Term Strategic Implications of India's Neighborhood Policy on Its Global Aspirations India's neighborhood policy plays a critical role in shaping its aspirations to become a leading global power. The way India manages its relationships with neighboring countries impacts its regional stability,Read more

    Long-Term Strategic Implications of India’s Neighborhood Policy on Its Global Aspirations

    India’s neighborhood policy plays a critical role in shaping its aspirations to become a leading global power. The way India manages its relationships with neighboring countries impacts its regional stability, economic growth, and international standing. Here’s an assessment of the long-term strategic implications, potential roadblocks, and necessary adjustments in India’s approach:

    Strategic Implications
    Regional Stability and Influence:

    Enhanced Regional Influence: A stable and cooperative neighborhood can bolster India’s influence in South Asia and beyond. For instance, successful diplomacy with Bangladesh and Nepal has led to enhanced bilateral trade and infrastructure projects, strengthening India’s role as a regional leader.
    Leadership Role in South Asia: By promoting regional integration and development, India can position itself as the primary driver of South Asian growth, reinforcing its status as a regional hegemon.
    Economic Growth and Integration:

    Economic Integration: Effective neighborhood policy can facilitate greater economic integration, creating opportunities for trade, investment, and regional infrastructure projects. For example, India’s initiatives such as the South Asia Satellite and Transboundary River Basin Cooperation aim to enhance regional connectivity and cooperation.
    Market Expansion: Stable relations with neighboring countries can open new markets for Indian goods and services, contributing to sustained economic growth and increasing India’s global economic footprint.
    Strategic Positioning:

    Counterbalancing Rivals: A well-managed neighborhood policy can help India counterbalance the influence of rival powers, particularly China. India’s active role in the Quad Alliance and strategic partnerships with countries like Japan and Australia are efforts to counter Chinese expansionism.
    Strengthening Global Alliances: By demonstrating leadership in its region, India can enhance its credibility as a global power and attract strategic partnerships with other major powers.
    Potential Roadblocks
    Geopolitical Tensions:

    Conflicts with Neighbors: Persistent conflicts with countries like Pakistan and unresolved issues with China, such as border disputes, can undermine India’s regional stability and its global ambitions. For example, the ongoing border tensions with China in Eastern Ladakh have strained relations and diverted resources.
    Internal Instability: Political instability or conflicts within neighboring countries, such as Sri Lanka’s internal issues or Myanmar’s political crisis, can create regional uncertainties affecting India’s strategic goals.
    Economic Challenges:

    Economic Disparities: Economic disparities and development challenges in neighboring countries can limit the effectiveness of India’s regional economic initiatives. For instance, economic instability in Sri Lanka and Afghanistan affects regional trade and investment.
    Resource Allocation: Balancing economic aid and investment in neighboring countries while addressing domestic needs can strain India’s resources and impact its global aspirations.
    Diplomatic Complexity:

    Multilateral Dynamics: Navigating the diverse interests of multiple regional and extra-regional actors can complicate India’s neighborhood policy. The varying priorities of countries like the U.S., Russia, and the EU can create diplomatic challenges.
    Internal Political Divisions: Domestic political divisions and differing views on foreign policy can affect the consistency and effectiveness of India’s neighborhood policy.
    Necessary Adjustments
    Enhanced Diplomacy and Conflict Resolution:

    Proactive Engagement: India should adopt a proactive diplomatic approach to address and resolve conflicts with neighboring countries. Engaging in dialogue and confidence-building measures can help manage tensions and foster cooperation.
    Regional Frameworks: Strengthening regional frameworks such as SAARC and exploring new regional cooperation mechanisms can enhance regional stability and integration.
    Economic and Developmental Initiatives:

    Infrastructure Investment: Investing in cross-border infrastructure projects, such as the BBIN Motor Vehicles Agreement (with Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal), can enhance connectivity and economic integration.
    Development Assistance: Providing targeted development assistance to neighboring countries can improve economic stability and create a more favorable environment for India’s regional leadership.
    Strategic Partnerships:

    Diversifying Alliances: Expanding strategic partnerships beyond the immediate neighborhood can help India build a broader network of support. Strengthening ties with countries like Japan, Australia, and ASEAN members can provide additional leverage.
    Balancing Great Power Relations: India should balance its relationships with extra-regional powers to avoid over-reliance on any single country and ensure a coherent strategy that supports its global aspirations.
    Conclusion
    India’s neighborhood policy has significant long-term strategic implications for its aspiration to become a leading global power. By addressing potential roadblocks and making necessary adjustments, India can enhance its regional influence, economic growth, and global standing. A strategic, balanced approach that emphasizes diplomacy, economic integration, and strategic partnerships will be crucial for realizing its ambitions on the global stage.

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Team
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TeamSupreme
Asked: August 24, 2024In:
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Which policy governs India’s diaspora? What difficulties does the Indian Diaspora currently face? (125 Words) [UPPSC 2020]

uppsc: indian diaspora
  1. Dev Oberoi
    Dev Oberoi Begginer

    India's Diaspora Policy and Challenges 1. India’s Diaspora Policy: India's Diaspora policy aims to strengthen ties with its global diaspora by promoting economic engagement, cultural connection, and political support. The policy includes initiatives like the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas, Overseas CitizenRead more

    India’s Diaspora Policy and Challenges

    1. India’s Diaspora Policy:
    India’s Diaspora policy aims to strengthen ties with its global diaspora by promoting economic engagement, cultural connection, and political support. The policy includes initiatives like the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas, Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) status, and emergency assistance through Indian embassies.

    2. Challenges Before Indian Diaspora:

    • Political Integration: Many Indian expatriates face challenges in achieving political representation or influence in their host countries. For example, Indian-origin politicians often face hurdles in gaining significant positions.
    • Cultural and Social Integration: Diaspora communities grapple with issues related to cultural assimilation and identity preservation, especially in multicultural societies.
    • Economic Impact: Fluctuating economic conditions and policy changes in host countries can affect job security and remittances.

    3. Recent Example:
    The COVID-19 pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in the global Indian workforce, highlighting the need for enhanced support mechanisms and healthcare provisions for expatriates.

    Conclusion:
    India’s Diaspora policy focuses on engagement and support, but challenges related to integration, representation, and economic stability need continued attention and adaptation.

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Sneha Lahiri
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Sneha LahiriBegginer
Asked: July 13, 2024In:
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How has Mr. Ajit Doval’s strategic leadership influenced and shaped India’s national security architecture over the years?

question
  1. Anita Dhruw
    Anita Dhruw Legend

    Ajit Doval has been the NSA of India since 2014 and has introduced new dynamics to the national security structure of the country and an aggressive approach that is workable in new threats. Here's how that impact looks: 1. Active Approach National Security Policy - Change to Offensive Defense: ThisRead more

    Ajit Doval has been the NSA of India since 2014 and has introduced new dynamics to the national security structure of the country and an aggressive approach that is workable in new threats. Here’s how that impact looks:

    1. Active Approach National Security Policy
    – Change to Offensive Defense: This falls under the pro-active strategy where Doval, presents change in defence policies to an aggressive strategy seen in:
    – Surgical Strikes (2016): The Uri terrorist attack forced India to establish that it could strike back across borders.
    – Balakot Airstrikes (2019): Is represented a new approach of countering cross–border terrorism by conducting operations on the territory of Pakistan and targeting terror camps.

    2. Revitalizing Hekmat va Dief Sadegiat
    – Revamping the coordination of intelligence:
    The former IB officer was able to bring efficiency to the functioning of intelligence sharing between agencies.
    Organisation transformation in directions of enhancing and leveraging actionable intelligence in countering threats, more focused in J&K and Northeast regions.
    – Anti-Terror Operations: All these operations are headed by Doval and have crippled terror funding networks and improved capacities to counter terrorism.

    3. Administratively restructuring of Jammu & Kashmir
    – Abrogation of Article 370 (2019): In the strategic and security aspect of the decision he played a critical role, which meant that the actual execution was not accompanied by a lot of violence.
    – Post-Absolution Stability: We were more interested in preserving the letters of the law as well as preventing infiltration and radicalization within the region.

    —

    4. External Internal security environment and systematic strategic partnership
    Border Dispute Management:
    In Doklam standoff (2017) and Galwan valley incident (2020), Doval through his diplomatic and strategic approach resolved the situation with China.
    Enhancing the hardness and effectiveness of fencing and allied systems at the LAC.
    Global Partnership Building
    Enhanced strategic cooperation with the US, Quad countries, and the Gulf partners in particular Counter-terrorism as well as Maritime security
    It was influential in India’s engagement’s within the region including with concepts such as the Indo-Pacific Strategy.

    5. Cyber and Technology Push
    -Digital Security Framework: Cyber-security was recognized as a critical pillar of national security. Efforts were made to safeguard Indian critical infrastructure from cyber threats.
    – Indigenization of Defence Technology: Recommended attaining self-reliance in defense production so that it does not become a import-dependent industry.

    6. Countering Hybrid Warfare
    -Hybrid Threats: The Doval-led approach is on issues of economic coercion, fake news campaigns, and cyber attacks of adversaries.
    -South Asia Cyber Policy: Is focusing on countering fake news and propaganda against the Indian socio-political fabric through cyber technology.

    7. Multidimensional Internal Security Approach
    Insurgency Management: This is very instrumental in the solution of insurgency in the Northeast, notably in the Naga peace process.
    Urban Security: Also, the preparedness on urban terrorism has improved to become coordinated with central forces as well as state forces.
    Conclusion
    The strategic leadership by Ajit Doval has transformed the national security paradigm in India from a reactive approach to a proactive and multi-dimensional framework. Through his integration of traditional and emerging security challenges into a comprehensive strategy, Doval has strengthened India’s defenses and made it a resilient and assertive global power. His tenure epitomizes the blend of tactical acumen, strategic foresight, and robust execution in shaping India’s security architecture for contemporary challenges.

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Darshan Suresh
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Darshan SureshBegginer
Asked: January 21, 2025In:
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Roadmap for Answer Writing Introduction Briefly introduce the United Nations (UN), its creation, and its original objectives. Mention the view that the UN is often considered a “frozen, 1945-invented mechanism” and highlight the need to evaluate this perspective in the current global context. Explain ...

upsc: important international institutions
  1. Team
    Best Answer
    Team Supreme

    Model Answer Introduction The United Nations (UN) was established in 1945 with the goal of promoting peace and cooperation among nations. However, over the years, its structure and mechanisms have been criticized for being outdated and not aligned with the contemporary geopolitical realities. The stRead more

    Model Answer

    Introduction

    The United Nations (UN) was established in 1945 with the goal of promoting peace and cooperation among nations. However, over the years, its structure and mechanisms have been criticized for being outdated and not aligned with the contemporary geopolitical realities. The statement that the UN is a “frozen, 1945-invented mechanism” reflects these concerns. In this context, we will examine the validity of this view by discussing various challenges faced by the UN in the current global scenario.

    Issues in the UN System

    1. Failure in Global Conflicts: The UN Security Council (UNSC) has often failed to address key global conflicts, primarily due to the veto power of its five permanent members (P-5). These countries often block resolutions that do not align with their interests, leading to inaction. A clear example is Russia’s annexation of Crimea and the subsequent invasion of Ukraine, where the UNSC could not take meaningful action due to Russia’s veto. Similarly, the ongoing conflict between Israel and Hamas has seen little intervention from the UN, despite widespread international calls for action.
    2. Resource Constraints: The UN’s ability to effectively address global issues is hampered by insufficient funding from member states. For example, UN peacekeeping missions, which play a vital role in conflict zones, often face budget shortages, undermining their ability to maintain stability in areas such as Africa and South Asia.
    3. Lack of Representation: The UNSC’s structure, unchanged since 1945, lacks adequate representation for emerging powers and regions, particularly countries in Latin America, Africa, and South Asia. This has led to calls for reform, as the current system does not reflect the global balance of power.

    The Need for Reform

    Despite the widespread recognition of these issues, the UN’s reform process is hindered by a complex procedure. Any changes to the UN Charter require the approval of two-thirds of member states and all permanent members of the UNSC, making meaningful reform difficult.

    Conclusion

    In conclusion, the UN’s mechanisms, established in 1945, have indeed become outdated and fail to address modern global challenges effectively. For the UN to remain relevant, it must undergo significant reforms that reflect the current geopolitical landscape and better address the needs of the global community.

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Anamika
  • 1
AnamikaBegginer
Asked: July 18, 2024In:
  • 1

  1. Chandrapal Singh
    Chandrapal Singh Begginer

    The "String of Pearls" theory is a geopolitical concept that refers to China's alleged strategy of developing a network of maritime facilities and military presence across the Indian Ocean region, which could potentially encircle and challenge India's strategic influence in the region. Let's criticaRead more

    The “String of Pearls” theory is a geopolitical concept that refers to China’s alleged strategy of developing a network of maritime facilities and military presence across the Indian Ocean region, which could potentially encircle and challenge India’s strategic influence in the region. Let’s critically examine the security and strategic implications of this theory for India:

    1. Potential Encirclement of India:
      • The String of Pearls theory suggests that China is building a series of ports, military bases, and infrastructure projects across the Indian Ocean, from the Chinese mainland to the African coast.
      • This could be perceived as an attempt by China to encircle India and limit its regional influence and access to maritime trade routes.
    2. Increased Chinese Naval Presence:
      • The development of these maritime facilities could enable China to enhance its naval and military presence in the Indian Ocean, potentially challenging India’s traditionally dominant position in the region.
      • This could lead to increased geopolitical tensions and security dilemmas, as India might feel compelled to counter China’s growing influence and capabilities in its traditional sphere of influence.
    3. Access to Strategic Chokepoints:
      • Several of the proposed String of Pearls locations, such as the Strait of Malacca and the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, are considered strategic chokepoints for global maritime trade.
      • China’s presence and potential control over these chokepoints could give it leverage and the ability to disrupt or control the flow of energy resources, goods, and maritime traffic, which could have significant implications for India’s economic and energy security.
    4. Increased Competition for Resources and Influence:
      • The String of Pearls theory suggests that China’s efforts are aimed at securing access to natural resources, trade routes, and strategic locations in the Indian Ocean region.
      • This could lead to increased competition between India and China for influence, resources, and control over these critical maritime domains, potentially heightening regional tensions and the risk of conflict.
    5. Challenges to India’s Regional Dominance:
      • Historically, India has enjoyed a dominant position in the Indian Ocean region, with its navy and strategic influence playing a crucial role in maintaining regional stability and protecting its interests.
      • The perceived Chinese encirclement through the String of Pearls could challenge India’s regional dominance and force it to reconsider its strategic priorities and military posture in the region.

    It’s important to note that the validity and extent of the String of Pearls theory are debated, as China’s true strategic intentions in the region are not entirely clear. However, the perceived threat posed by this theory has certainly shaped India’s security and strategic thinking, leading to increased military modernization, regional diplomacy, and the strengthening of maritime partnerships to counter China’s growing influence in the Indian Ocean region.

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Kalpna Mehara
  • 1
Kalpna MeharaLearner
Asked: June 8, 2024In:
  • 1

For UN Peacekeeping to continue serving its intended purpose, adjustments are necessary. Talk about the difficulties the UN Peacekeeping is facing in this situation. Additionally, recommend changes to enhance how it operates. (Answer in 150 words)

upsc: important international institutions
  1. Mansi Gautam
    Mansi Gautam Learner

    Answer: United Nations Peacekeeping is a joint effort between its Department of Peace Operations and the Department of Operational Support. Every peacekeeping mission is authorized by the Security Council and forces are contributed by member states on a voluntary basis. Peacekeeping is one of the moRead more

    Answer: United Nations Peacekeeping is a joint effort between its Department of Peace Operations and the Department of Operational Support. Every peacekeeping mission is authorized by the Security Council and forces are contributed by member states on a voluntary basis. Peacekeeping is one of the most effective tools in the promotion and maintenance of international peace and security owing to its unique strengths such as legitimacy, burden sharing, deployment of troops around the world and integrating them with civilian peacekeepers to enforce various multidimensional mandates. However, the physical and political fragility of conflict situations limit the likelihood of success. Peacekeeping faces several challenges that undermine its ability to deliver on its mandates:

    • Change in nature of armed conflicts: The nature of conflicts has changed over the years, and peacekeeping, which originally emerged to deal with interstate conflicts, began to be applied to intrastate conflicts including civil wars, organized crime and new generation of weapons.
    • Peacekeepers have become targets: Peacekeepers often go where no one else is prepared to go. However, incidents of attack on peacekeepers have become common.
    • Elusive political solutions: With the closure of UNOCI and UNMIL, several missions are deployed in the face of weak political agreement, diminished consent and stalled peace processes with vague exit strategies.
    • Broad and complex mandates: Peacekeeping missions have been given staggering tasks and wide-ranging responsibilities. At the same time, regional partnerships, though critical, are often unable to deliver the necessary political impact.
    • Performance issues: There are challenges related to maintenance of well structured, equipped and trained forces, participation of women in peacekeeping, accountability for perpetrators of sexual exploitation and abuse and other forms of misconduct.
    • Lack of stronger commitment: All the actors in support of peacekeeping efforts, from political to operational spheres, lack stronger commitment which is needed to achieve peacekeeping excellence.

    The accomplishments from past missions have raised the expectations from UN peacekeeping beyond its capacity to deliver. To respond to these challenges, following reforms are needed:

    • Institutionalization: Time has come to move from pursuit of activism of individual member states to collective action by the Council. There is a need for greater and effective cooperation between Troop Contributing Countries (TCCs), the Security Council and the Secretariat.
    • Incentivization: As of July, 2019, women peacekeepers constituted 6 per cent. There is a need to provide special incentives for women peacekeepers and priority deployment of all women- unit pledges.
    • Innovation: Innovation in capacity building of peacekeepers needs to be a priority. This can be done through innovative options such as co-deployment of peacekeepers, enhancing capabilities and capacities through Mobile Training Teams and expansion of online initiatives to develop capacities of future commanders and managers.
    • Future proofing: There is further need of better training of peacekeepers and involvement of experts from various fields in peacekeeping in order to better deal with emerging challenges.

    Peacekeeping has proven to be one of the most effective tools available to the UN to assist host countries navigate the difficult path from conflict to peace. In this regard, the Secretary-General has launched Action for Peacekeeping (A4P) to renew mutual political commitment to peacekeeping operations and called on Member States to join in developing a set of mutually-agreed principles and commitments to create peacekeeping operations fit for the future.

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Team
  • 0
TeamSupreme
Asked: August 16, 2024In:
  • 0

The most crucial element of India’s economic growth is energy security. Examine India’s energy policy collaboration with countries in West Asia. (125 Words) [UPPSC 2022]

uppsc: regional & global groupings & agreements
  1. Aastha Kapoor
    Aastha Kapoor Begginer

    India's Energy Policy Cooperation with West Asian Countries1. Oil Imports: India heavily relies on West Asian countries for its crude oil supply. Saudi Arabia and Iraq are major suppliers, with India importing a significant portion of its oil from them. In 2022, India secured long-term oil supply agRead more

    India’s Energy Policy Cooperation with West Asian Countries1. Oil Imports:

    • India heavily relies on West Asian countries for its crude oil supply. Saudi Arabia and Iraq are major suppliers, with India importing a significant portion of its oil from them. In 2022, India secured long-term oil supply agreements with Saudi Arabia to ensure stable oil supplies and manage energy security.

    2. LNG Supply:

    • Qatar is a key partner in liquefied natural gas (LNG) supply. India has established long-term contracts with Qatar to import LNG, providing stability in energy supplies. In 2022, India and Qatar expanded their LNG contracts to meet growing energy demands.

    3. Energy Investments:

    • India is involved in energy infrastructure projects in West Asia. For instance, India and the UAE have collaborated on renewable energy projects, including solar energy initiatives. The India-UAE Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA), signed in 2022, emphasizes energy cooperation and investment.

    4. Geopolitical Considerations:

    • India’s energy policy is influenced by geopolitical dynamics in West Asia. Issues such as conflict in the Gulf region and Iran’s sanctions impact energy supply routes and prices. India’s strategy includes diversifying energy sources and strengthening partnerships to mitigate risks.

    Recent Example:

    • In 2022, India and Saudi Arabia deepened their energy cooperation through the India-Saudi Arabia Strategic Partnership Council, focusing on sustainable energy projects and enhancing bilateral energy ties.

    Conclusion

    India’s energy security is closely linked to its cooperation with West Asian countries, focusing on oil and gas imports, energy investments, and managing geopolitical risks. Strengthening these partnerships is crucial for sustaining India’s economic progress and energy stability.

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