Indian Diaspora
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Most common virus of hepatitis b and c
Hepatitis B and C Risk Factors Bloodborne -Sharing needles or syringes to inject drugs or for tattoos. -Receiving blood without screening (Though rare these days, thanks to the improvements of screening) -Dirty medical equipment while receiving a treatment Very rare as seen in other regions. Mother-Read more
Hepatitis B and C Risk Factors
Bloodborne
-Sharing needles or syringes to inject drugs or for tattoos.
-Receiving blood without screening (Though rare these days, thanks to the improvements of screening)
-Dirty medical equipment while receiving a treatment
Very rare as seen in other regions.
Mother-to-Child: The newborn can receive it from a pregnant mother during childbirth if the mother has hepatitis B.
Sexual Transmission:
Unprotected sexual contact with an infected person.
Having multiple sexual partners.
Occupational Exposure:
Healthcare workers, including doctors, nurses, and lab technicians, who handle blood or other bodily fluids.
Factors Contributing to Challenges in Reducing Transmission:
-Lack of awareness and education: Most individuals do not have information on hepatitis B and C risks and the modes of their transmission.
-Discrimination and Stigma: Most infections lead to stigma that might prevent individuals from going for tests and treatment.
Limited access to health care: Most individuals lack quality health care, including tests, vaccination, and treatment of hepatitis.
-Poverty and Socioeconomic Factors: Poverty and socioeconomic inequalities increase the risk factors of hepatitis B and C, including unsafe injection practices and limited access to health care.
-Inadequate Infrastructure: In some areas, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, including limited access to sterile equipment and trained healthcare workers, can contribute to the spread of these infections.
Addressing these challenges requires a multi-pronged approach, including:
-Public Health Campaigns: Public education on hepatitis B and C, their transmission, and prevention and treatment.
Vaccination Programs: Wider access to hepatitis B immunization, especially among infants and other high-risk groups.
Healthcare Access Increased: Improved access to quality health care, including diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B and C infection.
Socioeconomic Disparity Reduction: Poverty elimination and increasing education and access to and use of health care by deprived populations.
-Harm reduction activities. Such activities may include needle exchange and syringe programmes for injecting drug users, thus reducing infections.
See less-Stigma reduction. Promote stigma reduction campaigns that call upon people to come for testing and treatment without the fear of stigmatization.
How can the Indian diaspora contribute to enhancing political and economic ties between India and African countries? (200 Words)
Model Answer Introduction The Indian diaspora in Africa, estimated at around 3 million people, plays a pivotal role in enhancing political and diplomatic ties between India and African nations. Members of the diaspora holding key governmental positions can help shape favorable policies, such as in MRead more
Model Answer
Introduction
The Indian diaspora in Africa, estimated at around 3 million people, plays a pivotal role in enhancing political and diplomatic ties between India and African nations. Members of the diaspora holding key governmental positions can help shape favorable policies, such as in Mauritius, where approximately 70% of the population is of Indian origin, including the current Prime Minister, Pravind Jugnauth. Their influence can strengthen diplomatic relationships and ensure mutual support in international forums. Additionally, the diaspora can act as a bridge for strategic engagement in areas like renewable energy, security issues (e.g., terrorism and piracy in the Indian Ocean), and other global challenges affecting both regions.
Cultural and Soft Power Promotion
The Indian diaspora also contributes to India’s soft power in Africa by promoting Indian culture, arts, and traditions. Bollywood, for example, has a massive following in Africa, even beyond the Indian community. By promoting cultural exchanges and showcasing Indian art forms, the diaspora fosters deeper people-to-people ties, which helps in enhancing India’s image and influence on the continent.
Economic Engagement: Trade, Investment, and Tourism
The economic impact of the Indian diaspora is significant. The diaspora often acts as a catalyst for trade and investment, especially in countries like South Africa, Kenya, and Tanzania, where India’s exports are particularly high. Moreover, successful businesspeople within the diaspora, such as the Atul Shah family who own the Nakumatt supermarket chain in East Africa, help Indian businesses navigate local markets and regulatory landscapes.
Furthermore, the diaspora can promote tourism between India and Africa, acting as informal ambassadors to encourage cultural exchanges and travel. Given Africa’s vast natural resources, such as 7.2% of the world’s oil reserves and 7.5% of its natural gas, the diaspora also plays a crucial role in building energy ties, helping India secure energy resources from the continent.
Conclusion
In summary, the Indian diaspora in Africa can significantly contribute to enhancing both political and economic engagement between India and African nations, by fostering cultural diplomacy, promoting trade, and leveraging networks for strategic cooperation. However, meaningful policy-level engagement is essential to fully realize the potential of this influential community.
See lessDiscuss the vital role played by India's diverse diaspora across the world in advancing the country's interests, with relevant examples. (Answer in 150 words)
Model Answer Introduction India's diverse diaspora, with around 32 million Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs), plays a crucial role in advancing the country’s interests globally. This vast community, spread across regions such as the Middle East, the United States, and ARead more
Model Answer
Introduction
India’s diverse diaspora, with around 32 million Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs), plays a crucial role in advancing the country’s interests globally. This vast community, spread across regions such as the Middle East, the United States, and Australia, is pivotal in several areas, including soft power, remittances, and knowledge exchange.
Soft Power: Promoting Indian Culture
The Indian diaspora serves as a cultural ambassador, promoting Indian culture, traditions, and values abroad. Festivals like Diwali are celebrated in countries like Singapore and Malaysia, highlighting Indian heritage and fostering goodwill. This cultural diplomacy strengthens India’s global image and builds cross-cultural understanding, enhancing its soft power globally.
Advocacy and Lobbying: Influencing Policy
The Indian diaspora plays a significant role in influencing policies that align with India’s strategic interests. For instance, the Indian-American community’s advocacy efforts were instrumental in the successful India-USA civil nuclear deal, showcasing the power of diaspora lobbying in shaping international relations. Such efforts help build strong ties with key policymakers, furthering India’s diplomatic goals.
Remittances: Boosting the Indian Economy
Remittances from the Indian diaspora are a major contributor to India’s economy. In 2023, inward remittances to India reached $125 billion, accounting for 3.4% of India’s GDP (World Bank). This economic support strengthens the country’s financial position and boosts development projects in various sectors.
Knowledge Transfer and Innovation
Highly skilled members of the Indian diaspora are essential in fostering collaboration between India and their host countries, particularly in sectors like technology, science, and business. Initiatives like Indian Professional Without Borders help transfer knowledge and promote innovation, driving India’s technological advancements and contributing to its global competitiveness.
Conclusion
India’s engagement with its diaspora has evolved from indifference to active collaboration, as seen through the initiatives following the Singhvi Commission’s recommendations. Leveraging the strengths of the diaspora while addressing challenges like brain drain and dual loyalties is key to advancing India’s global interests.
See lessExplain some of the syncretic traditions practiced in India ?
Totally spot on! For example in India synthesis is running through every fibres of our society. Few examples of some syncretism traditions practiced there are: * Sufism and Bhakti Movements: From the mystical departments of Islam has greatly influenced a Bhakti movement in Hindus with the emphasis dRead more
Totally spot on! For example in India synthesis is running through every fibres of our society. Few examples of some syncretism traditions practiced there are:
* Sufism and Bhakti Movements: From the mystical departments of Islam has greatly influenced a Bhakti movement in Hindus with the emphasis devoted love affair with the supernatural and intimacy with God while passing through religious experiences:.
-Folk Music and Dance: A syncretism factor is recognizable in many folk music and dance traditions in India. For example, Qawwali is Sufi devotional music and is accepted today in the region by people of all religions.
Festivals: Some fests of India are celebrated by people of all casts and creed and faiths also. For example Diwali festival is actually a festival of lights celebrated by the Hindus, the Sikhs, and Jains while Eid is actually known to be enjoyed with all happiness by all.
-Cuisine: Indian food is that rich medley of tastes and motivations. Foods including but not limited to biryani-the Persian dish—has been modified over time and enjoyed by various religions of people.
-Architecture: Indian architecture has rather eclectic style of architecture. Mughal architecture for example can be described as the extraordinary manner in which Persian and Indian constructions were incorporated.
This is not a list of how syncretic traditions have actually been enriching the Indian ethos; it has shown the possibility, character and openness of an Indian society, as syncretic as it has always been throughout history since time immemorial.
See lessWrite a short note on the contribution of the Indian diaspore towards economic structure in India. (125 words).[UPPSC 2018]
Contribution of the Indian Diaspora Towards Economic Structure in India 1. Investment and Remittances: The Indian diaspora significantly contributes through foreign direct investments (FDI) and remittances. For example, Indian-Americans have invested in various sectors, boosting India’s startup ecosRead more
Contribution of the Indian Diaspora Towards Economic Structure in India
1. Investment and Remittances: The Indian diaspora significantly contributes through foreign direct investments (FDI) and remittances. For example, Indian-Americans have invested in various sectors, boosting India’s startup ecosystem. Additionally, remittances from the diaspora have been vital in supporting rural and urban economies.
2. Skill Transfer and Entrepreneurship: Diaspora members bring back expertise and innovation. Notable is the role of NRIs in setting up tech startups and manufacturing units in India, like the investments by Nandan Nilekani and Sundar Pichai in technology sectors.
3. Philanthropy and Development Projects: The diaspora’s philanthropic efforts support numerous development projects. For instance, Ratan Tata’s contributions to educational institutions and healthcare facilities demonstrate their impact on India’s social infrastructure.
Conclusion: The Indian diaspora plays a crucial role in shaping India’s economic landscape through investment, skill transfer, and philanthropy.
See lessWhat is India's Diaspora policy? What are the challenges before Indian Diaspora at present? (125 Words) [UPPSC 2020]
India's Diaspora Policy and Challenges 1. India’s Diaspora Policy: India's Diaspora policy aims to strengthen ties with its global diaspora by promoting economic engagement, cultural connection, and political support. The policy includes initiatives like the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas, Overseas CitizenRead more
India’s Diaspora Policy and Challenges
1. India’s Diaspora Policy:
India’s Diaspora policy aims to strengthen ties with its global diaspora by promoting economic engagement, cultural connection, and political support. The policy includes initiatives like the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas, Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) status, and emergency assistance through Indian embassies.
2. Challenges Before Indian Diaspora:
3. Recent Example:
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in the global Indian workforce, highlighting the need for enhanced support mechanisms and healthcare provisions for expatriates.
Conclusion:
See lessIndia’s Diaspora policy focuses on engagement and support, but challenges related to integration, representation, and economic stability need continued attention and adaptation.
Indian diaspora has an important role to play in South-East Asian countries’ economy and society. Appraise the role of Indian diaspora in South-East Asia in this context. (250 words) [UPSC 2017]
The Indian diaspora in Southeast Asia, one of the largest and most influential globally, plays a crucial role in the region's economy and society. Spread across countries like Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, Myanmar, and others, the Indian diaspora has significantly contributed to the econRead more
The Indian diaspora in Southeast Asia, one of the largest and most influential globally, plays a crucial role in the region’s economy and society. Spread across countries like Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, Myanmar, and others, the Indian diaspora has significantly contributed to the economic growth, cultural diversity, and diplomatic relations between India and Southeast Asian nations.
Economic Contributions:
Trade and Investment: The Indian diaspora has been instrumental in boosting trade and investment between India and Southeast Asia. Many diaspora members are successful entrepreneurs, industrialists, and professionals who have established businesses in sectors such as information technology, finance, and manufacturing. This has led to increased bilateral trade and investment, fostering economic ties.
Remittances: Indian workers in Southeast Asia, especially in countries like Singapore and Malaysia, contribute significantly to remittances sent back to India. These remittances play a vital role in supporting families in India and contribute to the Indian economy.
Skilled Workforce: In countries like Singapore, the Indian diaspora forms a significant part of the skilled workforce, particularly in sectors like IT, healthcare, and engineering. Their expertise has not only contributed to the economic development of these countries but has also enhanced India’s image as a source of skilled professionals.
Societal Contributions:
Cultural Exchange: The Indian diaspora has played a pivotal role in promoting Indian culture, traditions, and values in Southeast Asia. Festivals like Diwali, Holi, and Pongal are celebrated with great enthusiasm, fostering cultural exchange and understanding between Indian and local communities.
Social Integration: Over the years, the Indian diaspora has successfully integrated into the social fabric of Southeast Asian countries while maintaining their distinct cultural identity. This has contributed to the multicultural and pluralistic societies in the region.
Education and Philanthropy: Many Indian diaspora members have established educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and charitable organizations in Southeast Asia. These initiatives have provided access to quality education and healthcare, benefiting both Indian and local communities.
Diplomatic Bridge: The Indian diaspora serves as a bridge between India and Southeast Asia, strengthening diplomatic and cultural ties. Their influence and contributions have been acknowledged by both Indian and Southeast Asian governments, leading to enhanced cooperation in various fields.
Conclusion:
See lessThe Indian diaspora in Southeast Asia has played a vital role in shaping the region’s economy and society. Through their economic contributions, cultural exchanges, and social integration, they have not only enhanced India’s standing in the region but have also contributed to the development and prosperity of their host countries. Their role as a bridge between India and Southeast Asia continues to be crucial in fostering stronger bilateral relations and mutual understanding.
‘Indian diaspora has a decisive role to play in the politics and economy of America and European Countries’. Comment with examples. (150 words) [UPSC 2020]
The Indian diaspora has significantly influenced the politics and economy of America and European countries through their economic contributions, political engagement, and cultural impact. Economic Contributions: Indian expatriates are prominent in various sectors, including technology, medicine, anRead more
The Indian diaspora has significantly influenced the politics and economy of America and European countries through their economic contributions, political engagement, and cultural impact.
Economic Contributions: Indian expatriates are prominent in various sectors, including technology, medicine, and finance. In the United States, Indian professionals contribute significantly to Silicon Valley’s tech industry. For instance, Sundar Pichai, CEO of Google, and Satya Nadella, CEO of Microsoft, exemplify the high impact of Indian talent on the tech sector. In the UK, Indian businesses and entrepreneurs like Rishi Sunak, the British Chancellor of the Exchequer, have played crucial roles in shaping economic policies and contributing to economic growth.
Political Engagement: Indian-Americans have increasingly engaged in U.S. politics, with notable figures such as Kamala Harris, the Vice President of the United States, and Congresswoman Pramila Jayapal influencing policy decisions. Similarly, in Canada, Jagmeet Singh, leader of the New Democratic Party, reflects the growing political influence of the Indian diaspora.
Conclusion: The Indian diaspora’s substantial contributions to both the economy and politics of their host countries underscore their role as key players in shaping the future of America and Europe.
See lessHow the Indian diaspora has emerged as an asset in the protection of national interest in America ? Analyse it. (200 Words) [UPPSC 2023]
Indian Diaspora as an Asset in Protecting National Interest in America Economic Influence: The Indian diaspora in the United States, a substantial and influential community, has made significant contributions to the American economy. Many members of this diaspora hold key positions in technology, fiRead more
Indian Diaspora as an Asset in Protecting National Interest in America
Economic Influence: The Indian diaspora in the United States, a substantial and influential community, has made significant contributions to the American economy. Many members of this diaspora hold key positions in technology, finance, and academia, contributing to sectors vital for U.S. economic interests. Their success enhances India-U.S. economic relations and demonstrates the potential benefits of strong bilateral ties.
Political Advocacy: Indian-Americans actively participate in the political process, advocating for policies that benefit both India and the U.S. Organizations like the Indian American Friendship Council and US-India Political Action Committee (USINPAC) lobby for favorable trade agreements, defense cooperation, and strategic partnerships. Their influence was evident in the U.S.-India Civil Nuclear Agreement, which was supported by strong advocacy from the diaspora.
Cultural Diplomacy: The Indian diaspora promotes cultural exchange and understanding between India and the U.S. Through events, festivals, and cultural programs, they enhance the soft power of India and build a positive image of India in American society. Celebrations like Diwali and Indian Heritage Month foster mutual respect and strengthen bilateral relations.
National Security: Indian-Americans have played roles in counter-terrorism and intelligence fields, contributing to security cooperation between the two nations. Their integration into various sectors aids in strengthening intelligence-sharing and security collaborations.
Challenges: Despite these advantages, the diaspora faces challenges such as immigration policies and occasional discrimination, which can impact its effectiveness.
Conclusion: The Indian diaspora in America serves as a strategic asset, enhancing economic, political, and cultural ties between India and the U.S., and supporting national interests through advocacy, economic contribution, and cultural diplomacy. Addressing challenges and leveraging its influence can further bolster these contributions.
See lessIndian diaspora has scaled new heights in the West. Describe its economic and political benefits for India. (150 words)[UPSC 2023]
The Indian diaspora's achievements in the West have brought significant economic and political benefits to India: Economic Benefits: Remittances: Indian expatriates contribute substantial remittances, bolstering India's foreign exchange reserves and supporting economic stability. Investment: SuccessRead more
The Indian diaspora’s achievements in the West have brought significant economic and political benefits to India:
These contributions enhance India’s global stature and support its economic and diplomatic objectives.
See less