Geography

Sustainable water management means using the water in a way that it meats the current and future social , cultural and economic demands without compromising the ability to meet those needs in future. Currently 70% of the world’s freshwater is withdrawal for the irrigation.

To address this challenge the key is to make agriculture system such that it produces more food using less water.For farmers sustainable water management means to manage the water which they have access to for best and highest use but not damaging the environment at the same time.

Innovative approach to sustainable water management in agriculture particularly in water scarce regions are important for managing water use :

1. Rainwater harvesting: Storing of rainwater helps farmers not to depend upon the other sources of water for irrigation this ensures the optimal use of water. Rainwater harvesting can also protect crops from drought.
2. Mulching: Mulching helps to conserve soil moisture by reducing surface evaporation. By protecting the soil with a protective layer less water is exposed to air and sun.
3. Crop Rotation : crop rotation improves water use efficiency by adding more organic matter to soil which can improve soil water holding capacity and its structure.
4. Drip irrigation : This irrigation method provides precise amount of water to the roots only reducing evaporation and deep drainage. It reduces water usage as compared to other irrigation methods.
5. Conservation Tillage : It reduces soil erosion and helps maintain soil structure and organic matter ,thus conserving water
6. IoT water management system: IoT monitores multiple parameters like Temperature and soil moisture and then IoT sensors correctly calculate the amount of water needed by the crops

So , by implementing and adopting these innovative approaches or practices for sustainable water management these can support sustainable agriculture ,improve  resilience in water scarcity regions and effective use of water.