उत्तर लेखन के लिए रोडमैप 1. परिचय पोषण सुरक्षा की परिभाषा एवं महत्व। भारत में पोषण सुरक्षा की वर्तमान स्थिति का संक्षिप्त उल्लेख। 2. पोषण असुरक्षा में योगदान देने वाले प्रमुख मुद्दे बाल कुपोषण और एनीमिया: NFHS-5 के आंकड़े। कुपोषण का दोहरा बोझ: मोटापा और गैर-संक्रामक ...
Model Answer Introduction: Nutritional security is a critical aspect of national health that ensures all individuals have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to maintain a healthy life. In India, despite numerous government initiatives aimed at combating malnutrition, the country continuRead more
Model Answer
Introduction:
Nutritional security is a critical aspect of national health that ensures all individuals have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to maintain a healthy life. In India, despite numerous government initiatives aimed at combating malnutrition, the country continues to grapple with significant nutritional insecurity, driven by systemic issues that go beyond mere food availability.
Key Issues Contributing to Nutritional Insecurity:
- Persistent Child Malnutrition and Anaemia: According to the NFHS-5 report (2019-21), 36% of children under five are stunted and 57% of women aged 15-49 are anaemic. This highlights a significant gap in nutritional outcomes.
- Double Burden of Malnutrition: While undernutrition persists, urbanization and changing dietary habits have led to rising obesity rates and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes and hypertension. Nearly 77 million adults suffer from type 2 diabetes in India.
- Social Disparities: Gender discrimination and caste hierarchies significantly affect access to nutrition. Women often eat last and least, leading to micronutrient deficiencies, while government programs frequently overlook adolescent girls and elderly women.
- Climate Change Impact: Extreme weather events, such as erratic monsoons and heatwaves, are adversely affecting crop yields and food prices, exacerbating malnutrition in vulnerable regions.
- Weak Implementation of Nutrition Programs: Programs like the Mid-Day Meal Scheme and Saksham Anganwadi face challenges including leakage, poor execution, and exclusion errors, which undermine their effectiveness.
- Economic Inequality: The economic slowdown and inflation have made nutritious food increasingly expensive, disproportionately impacting low-income households.
Multi-Pronged Strategy for Nutritional Well-Being:
- Strengthening Health & Wellness Centres: Upgrading these centres into Nutrition Resource Centres can provide personalized diet counseling and regular screenings for malnutrition.
- Revamping Mid-Day Meal Schemes: Emphasizing regionally available, nutrient-rich foods like millets and pulses will enhance the nutritional quality of meals provided to children.
- Mandatory Fortification Programs: Scaling up the fortification of staple foods such as rice, wheat, and milk can help combat hidden hunger without altering eating habits.
- Creating Healthier Urban Food Environments: Implementing zoning laws to restrict fast-food outlets near schools and introducing a graded taxation system on unhealthy foods can promote healthier dietary choices.
- Expanding Social Protection Schemes: The Public Distribution System (PDS) should focus on nutritional adequacy by including pulses and fortified dairy products, ensuring access to essential nutrients.
- Mass Nutrition Literacy Campaigns: A nationwide campaign can build awareness about balanced diets, food labeling, and the risks of unhealthy foods, especially among marginalized groups.
Way Forward
To achieve holistic nutritional well-being, India must adopt a multi-faceted approach that addresses the root causes of nutritional insecurity. Aligning these efforts with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will not only enhance public health but also contribute to the overall socio-economic development of the nation. A community-driven, inclusive strategy is vital for sustainable nutrition security for all.
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मॉडल उत्तर परिचय भारत में पोषण सुरक्षा, जो कि सभी के लिए पर्याप्त, सुरक्षित और पोषक भोजन की उपलब्धता सुनिश्चित करने का प्रयास है, एक महत्वपूर्ण चुनौती बनी हुई है। खाद्य उपलब्धता के बावजूद, कई प्रणालीगत अंतराल हैं जो पोषण असुरक्षा को बढ़ा रहे हैं। पोषण असुरक्षा में योगदान देने वाले प्रमुख मुद्दे बालRead more
मॉडल उत्तर
परिचय
भारत में पोषण सुरक्षा, जो कि सभी के लिए पर्याप्त, सुरक्षित और पोषक भोजन की उपलब्धता सुनिश्चित करने का प्रयास है, एक महत्वपूर्ण चुनौती बनी हुई है। खाद्य उपलब्धता के बावजूद, कई प्रणालीगत अंतराल हैं जो पोषण असुरक्षा को बढ़ा रहे हैं।
पोषण असुरक्षा में योगदान देने वाले प्रमुख मुद्दे
समग्र पोषण कल्याण सुनिश्चित करने के लिए बहुआयामी रणनीति
आगे की राह
भारत को खाद्य सुरक्षा से आगे बढ़कर समग्र पोषण कल्याण की ओर जाना चाहिए। यह एक समुदाय-आधारित और जलवायु-अनुकूल दृष्टिकोण अपनाने से ही संभव होगा, जिससे सभी के लिए सतत पोषण सुरक्षा सुनिश्चित की जा सकेगी। SDGs के साथ संरेखण इस दिशा में महत्वपूर्ण है।
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