Talk about the difficulties in achieving successful interagency coordination, as well as the role played by the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In), the National Cyber Security Coordinator, and other government agencies in coordinating the national cyber security response.
Indian temple architecture has undergone significant changes during various historical periods, reflecting developments in religious beliefs, cultural influences and artistic expressions. Below is a brief overview of key developments: 1. Ancient period (300 BC - 500 AD): - Early temples had simple sRead more
Indian temple architecture has undergone significant changes during various historical periods, reflecting developments in religious beliefs, cultural influences and artistic expressions. Below is a brief overview of key developments:
1. Ancient period (300 BC – 500 AD):
– Early temples had simple structures, often rock-cut or cave-like (e.g. Karla Caves, Ajanta Caves).
2. Gupta period (320 – 550 CE):
– Marks the beginning of grand temple architecture, with intricate carvings.
– Examples include Deogarh Temple and Dashavatara Temple.
>3. Medieval period (600 – 1200 CE):
– Saw the rise of regional styles, such as:
– Nagara style (North India), characterized by spires majestic towers (e.g. Khajuraho temples).
– Dravida style (South India), marked by pyramidal towers (e.g. Brihadeeswarar temple).
– Decorative details and sculpture became more complex.
4 . Hoysala period (1100 – 1300 CE):
– Characterized by intricate carvings, engravings and ornate decoration (e.g. temples at Belur and Halebidu).
– Introducing the concept of “temples in protected areas”.
5 . Vijayanagara Period (1300 – 1600 CE):
– Witnessed the construction of large, intricate temples with intricate carvings.
– Examples include the Hampi temple complex and the Vitthala.
6 . Mughal and Colonial Period (1500 – 1900 CE):
– Influenced by Islamic and European architectural styles, leading to the development of:
– Indo-Islamic Architecture religion (e.g. Taj Mahal).
– Colonial – temples of this period, often mixing Indian and European elements.
7. Modern period (1900 CE – present):
– Witnessed a revival of traditional temple architecture, with an emphasis on regional styles and materials.
– Contemporary temples often incorporate modern elements, such as sustainable design and innovative materials.
This brief overview highlights significant changes and developments in Indian temple architecture in different historical periods, reflecting the rich cultural and artistic heritage of the country.
The National Cyber Security Coordinator (NCSC) and the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) play crucial roles in coordinating the national cyber security response in India, though they face challenges in ensuring effective inter-agency cooperation. National Cyber Security Coordinator (Read more
The National Cyber Security Coordinator (NCSC) and the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) play crucial roles in coordinating the national cyber security response in India, though they face challenges in ensuring effective inter-agency cooperation.
National Cyber Security Coordinator (NCSC):
The NCSC is the apex authority responsible for coordinating cyber security efforts across various government agencies, the private sector, and international partners. Its key responsibilities include:
Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In):
CERT-In is the nodal agency under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) responsible for cyber security incident response and coordination. Its main functions include:
Challenges in Ensuring Effective Inter-Agency Cooperation:
Despite the crucial roles played by the NCSC and CERT-In, they face several challenges in ensuring effective inter-agency cooperation, which can hinder the national cyber security response. These challenges include:
To address these challenges, the government has taken steps to enhance coordination and cooperation, such as the establishment of the National Cyber Coordination Centre (NCCC) and the strengthening of CERT-In’s capabilities. However, continued efforts are required to improve information sharing, streamline roles and responsibilities, and develop a more integrated and collaborative approach to national cyber security.
See less