Our latest neuroscientific evidence indicates that free will may be less free than we have wanted to believe. Some of the works include Benjamin Libet’s research that establishes that the brain prepares for action even before an individual consciously decides to do so. This means that entirely free will might be an illusion, and decisions are made unconsciously.

They disapprove of the conventional philosophical concepts of freedom and accountability, stressing that if the brain’s activity predetermines the action, then the extent of control over the action is not as profound as people used to believe. This raises questions about how much free will one has to decide if decision-making is not entirely within one’s control. Thus, while on the one hand, there is the folk psychology that posits man as a rational, self-determining, and moral being who is ultimately responsible for what he does or fails to do, on the other hand, neuroscience points to the observation that one can be, in some ways, predetermined and one’s brain makes decisions for them before one is even aware of this.