The Boyer-Moore algorithm is used for pattern matching, which means finding a pattern (like a word) within a text. It’s faster than other methods because it skips sections of the text instead of checking each character one by one.

How It Works:

1. Right-to-Left Comparison: It starts comparing the pattern from the rightmost character, moving left. This helps in skipping more characters when a mismatch is found.
2. Bad Character Rule: If a mismatch happens, it uses the bad character rule to skip ahead. It checks where the mismatched character appears in the pattern and moves the pattern accordingly.
3. Good Suffix Rule: If parts of the pattern match but a mismatch happens later, the good suffix rule is used. It skips ahead by comparing the matched part with the rest of the pattern.

Optimization:

• Skips More Characters: By using these rules, it skips more characters compared to checking each one, making it faster.
• Efficient for Large Texts: It’s especially good for large texts and patterns.

Example:

If you’re looking for “needle” in “haystackneedle”, it quickly skips non-matching sections and focuses on possible matches, making the search faster.