The delay in the 2021 Census can be attributed primarily to the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted field activities and data collection processes. Additionally, logistical challenges, such as the need to freeze administrative boundaries, further postponed the exercise. Political considerations, including the potential impact of census data on electoral boundaries and resource allocation, also played a role.

To prevent such delays in the future, several measures can be implemented:

1. Digital Transformation: Leveraging technology for data collection can expedite the process and reduce dependency on physical enumeration.

2. Decentralized Data Collection: Empowering local bodies to conduct preliminary data collection can ensure timely updates.

3. Regular Updates: Implementing a rolling census model, where data is collected continuously over a period, can provide more current data.

4. Legislative Mandate: Establishing a constitutional obligation for timely census conduction can ensure adherence to schedules.

5. Crisis Management Plans: Developing robust contingency plans for unforeseen events like pandemics can mitigate disruptions.

These measures can enhance the efficiency and reliability of the census process, ensuring that critical demographic data is available for policy-making and resource allocation.