Give an explanation of the processes involved in soil formation while identifying the active and passive factors affecting pedogenesis.
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Pedogenesis, or soil formation, is a continuous process regulated by the effects of environment, time and geological history. It involves biogeochemical processes that act to both create and destroy order within soils leading to development of layers, termed as soil horizons, distinguished by differences in colour, structure, texture, and chemistry.
There are various factors responsible for soil formation
a. Active factors, whose influence over soil development, is directly observed. These include:
b.Passive factors, as their effects are not immediately observed. They control how climate and organisms affect soil development and formation. These include:
Processes involved in the soil formation: Soil formation takes place through various stages like addition, losses, transformation and translocation which takes place through various processes like.
There are also other soil forming processes, which are much important in the macro-scale pattern of Podzolization soil formation, which includes
The collective interaction of these processes sets a course of soil forming process, which determines the characteristics of soil.