The concept of the tragic hero evolves from classical to modern literature, reflecting societal values and concerns. Oedipus from Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex is a noble king whose hubris and defiance of fate lead to his downfall, fulfilling a prophecy that he would kill his father and marry his mother. His story emphasizes the Greek belief in fate and the consequences of hubris, illustrating the inevitable power of destiny and divine will.

In contrast, Willy Loman from Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman is a common man whose delusions and unwavering belief in the American Dream result in his tragic end. Willy’s downfall is driven by personal choices and societal pressures, reflecting modern themes of individual struggle, mental health, and the critique of consumerism and material success. His story underscores the disparity between the promise of the American Dream and the harsh reality faced by many.

Both characters experience moments of self-realization too late to save themselves, evoking pity and fear in the audience. While Oedipus’s fate is sealed by divine prophecy, Willy’s tragedy stems from societal ideals and personal failures, highlighting the shift from classical to modern perspectives on heroism and tragedy.