Discuss main areas of dry farming in India, its problems and strategy for development.
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Firstly, Dry farming is a type of agriculture practice where the crops are grown without using any type of irrigation methods. Simply it is a technique for the non-irrigated cultivation of crops. In a vast country like India approximately 60% of the total cropped area falls under dry farming.
The main regions of dry farming in India include-
a) Eastern Ghats
b) Rajasthan
c) Deccan Plateau
d) Gujrat
e) Madhya Pradesh
f) Uttar Pradesh
Problems face in this type of cultivation are as follows-
i) The primary challenge is unpredictable and variability of rainfall which leads to frequent crop failures.
ii) Nutrient value of the soil in regions of dry-farming are low which further effects the crop productivity.
iii) Dry conditions can exacerbate pests and other diseases further leading in reduction of crop yield.
iv) Framers in these regions often face poverty and lack of access to marketing opportunities.
Strategies which can be followed for development include-
i) Enhancing soil fertility, by using methods like organic farming, crop rotation etc.
ii) Adopting climatic-resilient agricultural practices such as zero-tillage, mulching, etc.
iii) Investing in research to develop new crop varieties, and farming practices suitable for this type of farming.
iv) Developing market linkages and infrastructure to ensure that the farmers get fair prices for their produce.
Firstly, Dry farming is a type of agriculture practice where the crops are grown without using any type of irrigation methods. Simply it is a technique for the non-irrigated cultivation of crops. In a vast country like India approximately 60% of the total cropped area falls under dry farming.
The main regions of dry farming in India include-
a) Eastern Ghats
b) Rajasthan
c) Deccan Plateau
d) Gujrat
e) Madhya Pradesh
f) Uttar Pradesh
Problems face in this type of cultivation are as follows-
i) The primary challenge is unpredictable and variability of rainfall which leads to frequent crop failures.
ii) Nutrient value of the soil in regions of dry-farming are low which further effects the crop productivity.
iii) Dry conditions can exacerbate pests and other diseases further leading in reduction of crop yield.
iv) Framers in these regions often face poverty and lack of access to marketing opportunities.
Strategies which can be followed for development include-
i) Enhancing soil fertility, by using methods like organic farming, crop rotation etc.
ii) Adopting climatic-resilient agricultural practices such as zero-tillage, mulching, etc.
iii) Investing in research to develop new crop varieties, and farming practices suitable for this type of farming.
iv) Developing market linkages and infrastructure to ensure that the farmers get fair prices for their produce.
Dry Farming in India: A Land of Challenges and Potential
Dry farming, cultivating crops with minimal rainfall, is a crucial practice in India. It encompasses a vast swathe of the country:
Despite its prevalence, dry farming faces significant problems:
However, strategies exist to improve dry farming in India:
By implementing these strategies, India can transform dry farming from a subsistence practice to a more productive and sustainable agricultural system. This will ensure food security for millions and empower farmers in these regions.