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Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

Samriddhi Jain
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Begginer
Asked: 2024-07-18T12:04:35+05:30 In:

federal and unitary structure

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  1. Why Constitution of India seems to be federal in form but in actual it is unitary?
federal structure of indian constitutionpolity

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4 Answers

  1. RISHABH K
    Begginer

    The Constitution of India is quasi – federal where it has some federal characteristics and some unitary characteristics. In theory, it establishes a federal system by dividing powers between the central and state governments through three distinct lists in the Seventh Schedule: the three lists namely the Union List, Stated List and Concurrent list. From this division, there seems to be a clear cuts federal structure guaranteeing that states are sovereign with regard to some issues. But in fact it can be seen that the constitution of Indian is has a tilt towards the unitary form. Some of these characteristic include; The Concurrent List that allows the central government to override the state laws, Article 356 giving the central government the power to dismiss state governments, Financial control and emergency powers are centralized, all of which show the unitary nature. Further, constitution provides the single constitution single citizenship and the power of the Parliament to redraw state boundaries to illustrate central dominance. Another feature depicts the structural aspect of unitary state that is the central government exercise of prerogatives in sensitive sectors such as defense, foreign affair, and communication, besides the Governor, being the representative of President in the state. Hence having federal structure at the constitution level the political system of India can be defined predominantly unitary due to centralisation of powers with the central government.

  2. Sonakshi Singh
    Begginer

    The Constitution of India is indeed an interesting blend of federal and unitary features. Let me explain:

    1. Federal Features:
      • Distribution of Powers: The Indian Constitution divides powers between the central government and state governments. These powers are categorized into three lists: the Union List (for the central government), the State List (for state governments), and the Concurrent List (shared by both).
      • Independent Jurisdiction: Each level of government has its own jurisdiction in legislation, taxation, and administration.
      • Supreme Court’s Role: The Supreme Court settles disputes between state governments.
    2. Unitary Features:
      • Strong Center: The central government has significant authority in areas like defense, foreign affairs, and taxation.
      • Emergency Powers: During emergencies, the central government can override state authority.
      • Single Citizenship: Unlike some federations, India has a single citizenship for the entire country.
    3. Quasi-Federal System:
      • India is often considered a quasi-federal system due to this mix of federal and unitary elements.
      • Article 1 of the Indian Constitution states that India is a “union of states.”

    In summary, India’s federalism balances power-sharing while maintaining a strong central authority. It’s a unique system that reflects the country’s diverse needs and historical context.

  3. Sonakshi Singh
    Begginer

    The Constitution of India is indeed an interesting blend of federal and unitary features. Let me explain:

    1. Federal Features:
      • Distribution of Powers: The Indian Constitution divides powers between the central government and state governments. These powers are categorized into three lists: the Union List (for the central government), the State List (for state governments), and the Concurrent List (shared by both).
      • Independent Jurisdiction: Each level of government has its own jurisdiction in legislation, taxation, and administration.
      • Supreme Court’s Role: The Supreme Court settles disputes between state governments.
    2. Unitary Features:
      • Strong Center: The central government has significant authority in areas like defense, foreign affairs, and taxation.
      • Emergency Powers: During emergencies, the central government can override state authority.
      • Single Citizenship: Unlike some federations, India has a single citizenship for the entire country.
    3. Quasi-Federal System:
      • India is often considered a quasi-federal system due to this mix of federal and unitary elements.
      • Article 1 of the Indian Constitution states that India is a “union of states.”

    In summary, India’s federalism balances power-sharing while maintaining a strong central authority. It’s a unique system that reflects the country’s diverse needs and historical context.

  4. Sonakshi Singh
    Begginer

    The Constitution of India is indeed an interesting blend of federal and unitary features. Let me explain:

    1. Federal Features:
      • Distribution of Powers: The Indian Constitution divides powers between the central government and state governments. These powers are categorized into three lists: the Union List (for the central government), the State List (for state governments), and the Concurrent List (shared by both).
      • Independent Jurisdiction: Each level of government has its own jurisdiction in legislation, taxation, and administration.
      • Supreme Court’s Role: The Supreme Court settles disputes between state governments.
    2. Unitary Features:
      • Strong Center: The central government has significant authority in areas like defense, foreign affairs, and taxation.
      • Emergency Powers: During emergencies, the central government can override state authority.
      • Single Citizenship: Unlike some federations, India has a single citizenship for the entire country.
    3. Quasi-Federal System:
      • India is often considered a quasi-federal system due to this mix of federal and unitary elements.
      • Article 1 of the Indian Constitution states that India is a “union of states.”

    In summary, India’s federalism balances power-sharing while maintaining a strong central authority. It’s a unique system that reflects the country’s diverse needs and historical context.

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