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Dehydration is a condition when the amount of water is in your body is less that the needed amount for basic bodily functions. It can happen due to too many causes as the availability of water is less like in case of some natural disaster, taking inadequate amount of water like in cases of swelling of throat etc where they are unable to consume water. Other cases are when body can’t utilise the consumed water properly due to renal issues, that is problems in kidneys and excessive loss of water from the body due to diarrhoea or vomiting. In such conditions the prescribed treatments by health care professionals are taking ORS and ORT. ORS means oral rehydration Solution,it’s a method to restore the fluid and electrolytes lost, it’s a very effective method to prevent dehydration in children and adults. ORT means oral rehydration therapy where you are advised to drink a solution of salt, water and electrolytes. Both of these are methods advised for dehydration,which is severe cases can lead to death, especially in children. In conditions of dehydration, your thirst mechanism is triggered by the body, which will initiate the release of ADH, anti diuretic hormone from the kidneys, which helps in preventing the loss of water from the body, to maintain minimum amount of water. This leads to a condition where you feel like the saliva production is less in your orla cavity and you tend to drink water. All these mechanisms are controlled by thirst centre in your brain. Once your thirst is quenched, your brain sends signals to stop drinking water.
Dehydration occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in, disrupting essential bodily functions due to an imbalance in electrolytes and fluids. Mild dehydration can cause symptoms like thirst, dry mouth, and darker urine, while severe dehydration may lead to dizziness, rapid heartbeat, confusion, and even organ damage if left untreated.
Treatment for dehydration focuses on restoring fluid and electrolyte balance. For mild cases, increasing fluid intake orally with water or oral rehydration solutions (ORS) that contain salts and sugars can effectively replenish lost fluids. Rest and avoiding strenuous activities aid in recovery.
In moderate to severe cases, medical intervention is crucial. Healthcare professionals may administer intravenous (IV) fluids to rapidly restore hydration levels and correct electrolyte imbalances. Prompt medical attention is essential when symptoms worsen or when dehydration is severe, especially in vulnerable populations like children and the elderly.
Prevention involves staying adequately hydrated throughout the day, especially in hot weather or during physical activity. Recognizing early signs of dehydration—such as dry mouth, fatigue, and decreased urine output—and promptly addressing them by increasing fluid intake can help prevent complications. Overall, maintaining proper hydration is vital for overall health and well-being