Civil society organizations (CSOs) such as the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) and the India Against Corruption (IAC) movement have played pivotal roles in advocating for transparency, accountability, and good governance in India. Each has approached these objectives through distinct methods and faced unique challenges in influencing the political decision-making process.

India Against Corruption (IAC) Movement
Objectives:

Anti-Corruption: The primary aim of IAC was to combat corruption within the Indian political and bureaucratic systems. It sought to bring about systemic changes to reduce corruption and increase transparency.
Accountability: IAC aimed to hold public officials accountable and demand stricter enforcement of anti-corruption laws.
Good Governance: The movement advocated for stronger governance structures, emphasizing the need for transparency and accountability in both public and private sectors.
Methods:

Public Protests and Mobilization: IAC used large-scale public demonstrations, most notably the 2011 anti-corruption protests led by Anna Hazare, to rally popular support and apply pressure on the government.
Media Campaigns: The movement effectively utilized media, including social media, to spread its message, garner public support, and bring attention to corruption scandals.
Petitions and Legislative Proposals: IAC advocated for the passage of key legislation such as the Lokpal Bill, which aimed to establish an anti-corruption ombudsman.
Challenges:

Political Resistance: The movement faced strong resistance from entrenched political interests and bureaucratic systems, which were often resistant to the proposed reforms.
Fragmentation: The movement struggled with internal disagreements and fragmentation, particularly as it transitioned into the political arena with the formation of the Aam Aadmi Party.
Skepticism and Criticism: There were criticisms of the movement’s effectiveness and its potential to engage in political opportunism, which affected its credibility.
Aam Aadmi Party (AAP)
Objectives:

Anti-Corruption and Transparency: AAP’s primary objective is to fight corruption and promote transparency in governance. It advocates for clean politics and a corruption-free administrative system.
Decentralization of Power: The party supports decentralization of power, emphasizing the importance of local governance and grassroots democracy.
Social Welfare: AAP aims to improve social welfare by focusing on issues like education, healthcare, and public services.
Methods:

Electoral Politics: Unlike IAC, AAP entered the political arena formally by contesting elections, starting with the Delhi Legislative Assembly elections in 2013.
Public Engagement: The party has employed grassroots mobilization and public engagement to build support and influence policy changes. It focuses on direct interaction with citizens and community-level issues.
Policy Implementation: Once in power, AAP has worked on implementing its agenda through policy measures and governance reforms, including initiatives in education, healthcare, and anti-corruption.
Challenges:

Governance and Administration: AAP has faced challenges in governance, including the constraints of coalition politics and limited administrative powers, especially in a federal structure where states have significant autonomy.
Political Opposition: The party encounters opposition from established political parties, which often undermines or obstructs its initiatives.
Public Expectations: Managing high public expectations and delivering on campaign promises in a complex political environment has been a significant challenge for AAP.
Conclusion
Both the India Against Corruption movement and the Aam Aadmi Party have made substantial contributions to promoting transparency, accountability, and good governance in India. However, their paths diverge in methods and challenges:

IAC used grassroots mobilization and media campaigns to push for anti-corruption reforms but faced issues with internal fragmentation and political resistance.
AAP transitioned from a movement to a political party, employing electoral politics and governance reforms to address corruption and promote transparency. It faces challenges related to governance, political opposition, and managing public expectations.
Their efforts highlight the complexities of influencing political decision-making and the need for continued advocacy, reform, and engagement to achieve lasting improvements in governance.