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Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

Rutuja Ahire
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Asked: 2024-07-16T23:04:31+05:30 In: , , , ,

difference between Indian constitution and USA constitution

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difference between Indian constitution and USA constitution

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2 Answers

  1. Tanay
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    The Indian Constitution and the U.S. Constitution are foundational documents for their respective countries, but they differ in several key ways:

    1. Length and Detail:
      • The Indian Constitution is one of the longest in the world, containing 448 articles and numerous amendments, detailing various aspects of governance, rights, and duties.
      • The U.S. Constitution is much shorter, with only 7 articles and 27 amendments, focusing primarily on the structure of government and fundamental rights.
    2. Nature:
      • The Indian Constitution is a written constitution that is comprehensive and codified, outlining various rights, duties, and the structure of government.
      • The U.S. Constitution is also a written constitution, but it emphasizes principles of federalism, separation of powers, and individual rights with less detailed governance structures.
    3. Amendment Process:
      • Amendments to the Indian Constitution can be made through a relatively simpler process, requiring a majority in Parliament or a special majority for certain changes.
      • The U.S. Constitution has a more stringent amendment process, requiring a two-thirds majority in both houses of Congress or a convention called by two-thirds of state legislatures.
    4. Fundamental Rights:
      • The Indian Constitution includes a Fundamental Rights chapter (Articles 12-35) that guarantees various rights, but these can be restricted by reasonable limitations.
      • The U.S. Constitution’s Bill of Rights (first ten amendments) explicitly protects individual rights from government infringement, with a stronger emphasis on absolute rights in some areas.
    5. Secularism:
      • The Indian Constitution explicitly declares India as a secular state, ensuring freedom of religion and equal treatment of all religions.
      • The U.S. Constitution also emphasizes religious freedom, particularly through the First Amendment, but does not define the state as secular.

    These differences reflect the unique historical, cultural, and political contexts of India and the United States.

  2. Khushi
    Begginer

    The Constitution of India and the Constitution of the United States share some similarities, but there are also significant differences. Here are some key differences:

    1. Length: The Indian Constitution is the longest written constitution in the world, with 397 articles, while the US Constitution has just 7 articles.

    2. Federalism: India is a federal union with a strong central government, while the US is a federation of states with greater autonomy.

    3. Bill of Rights: The US Constitution has a separate Bill of Rights (the first 10 amendments), while the Indian Constitution incorporates fundamental rights within the main text (Part III).

    4. Judicial Review: Both constitutions have judicial review powers, but the Indian Supreme Court has more extensive powers.

    5. Amendment Process: The US Constitution has a more rigid amendment process (requiring 2/3 majority in both Houses and ratification by 3/4 states), while the Indian Constitution allows for easier amendments (simple majority in both Houses).

    6. Directive Principles: India’s Constitution includes Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV), which are non-justiciable guidelines for governance, whereas the US Constitution does not have similar provisions.

    7. Emergency Provisions: India’s Constitution has more comprehensive emergency provisions (Article 352-360), while the US Constitution has limited provisions for national emergencies.

    8. Secularism: India is a secular country (Article 25-28), whereas the US has no explicit mention of secularism in its Constitution.

    9. Economic and Social Rights: India’s Constitution includes economic and social rights (Part IV), whereas the US Constitution primarily focuses on political and civil rights.

    10. Preamble: The Indian Constitution’s preamble emphasizes justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity, while the US Constitution’s preamble emphasizes establishing a more perfect union and promoting general welfare.

    These differences reflect the unique historical, cultural, and political contexts of each country.

     

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