What role does language play in perpetuating or challenging gender stereotypes, and how can linguistic changes impact societal attitudes?
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Language is very important in either supporting or questioning ideas about what men and women should be like. The way we use words, like choosing between “he” or “she,” can either stick to old ways of thinking (like “he” for men and “she” for women) or show new ideas about gender (like “they” for anyone).
When language says that certain things are only for men or women (like saying women are always caring), it keeps old ideas alive. But when we use words that include everyone and don’t assume things about people based on whether they are a man or a woman, we help break those old ideas.
Changing the way we talk, like using words that don’t say “he” or “she” and using words that include everyone, can help make people think more fairly. This helps show respect for people who don’t fit into the usual man/woman categories and challenges old, fixed ideas about gender. If we don’t change the way we talk, it can keep unfair ideas alive and slow down efforts to treat everyone equally.
In general, language shows what society believes and can also change those beliefs. By making language more inclusive, we can help people accept and understand different gender identities, leading to fairer and more respectful communities.
The idea that language a person speaks can influence their thoughts, behaviour and perception of the world is popularly referred to as the Saphir Whorf hypothesis or linguistic Relativity. This theory is assumed to play a role in gender perception as many languages tend to assign gender class to nouns as seen in French, German, Polish etc. Few studies have tried to replicate this finding to confirm that more often, masculine (strong, sturdy, manly) and feminine (beautiful, gentle, soft) features are ascribed to objects that is in congruence with it’s grammatical gender although there are exceptions to this.
However, it is to be noted that the relation between language and thought is not simple and cultural notions can exacerbate gender stereotypes. Besides grammar, the words themselves like caring, gentle or feminine gives the impression that they cannot be masculine as well. While adult perception is subject to change, a child who learns from the people around them, their academic materials, is creating, reinforcing and conditioned to believe the idea of strength being associated with masculine gender alone and image of “women” being associated with words like nurse, kitchen.
While linguistic changes alone cannot change gender stereotypes, it could be a step forward to positive gender perception. It was recently that Google updated it’s feminine synonym from demeaning words like curvy, luscious, voluptuous to gentle, tender following an online outrage. I think that in itself speaks volumes about gender perception and how it can be changed through small but impactful steps.