The binary system is used in computers primarily due to its compatibility with the underlying electronic hardware. Computers are built using electronic components such as transistors, which can be in one of two states: conducting electricity (representing binary 1) or not conducting (representing binary 0). This binary nature of electronic circuits forms the basis of all digital computations and operations.

Binary representation simplifies the design and operation of digital systems. It allows for straightforward implementation of logical operations (AND, OR, NOT, XOR) and arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) using simple rules of binary arithmetic. Each binary digit (bit) corresponds directly to an on/off state of a transistor, making it easy to process and manipulate data in a digital format.

Furthermore, binary signals are less susceptible to noise and interference compared to analog signals, ensuring reliable computation and data storage. This reliability is crucial for maintaining the accuracy of calculations and the integrity of stored information in digital systems.

Standardization of binary representation across computer systems ensures compatibility and interoperability among different hardware and software components. It enables seamless communication and data exchange between devices and networks, supporting the interconnected nature of modern computing environments.