Roadmap for Answer Writing

1. Introduction

• Define industrial pollution of river water and its significance in India.
• Briefly mention the impact on health, environment, and economy.

2. Discuss the Impact of Industrial Pollution

• Highlight the effects on water quality, aquatic life, and public health.
• Use specific examples of polluted rivers (e.g., Ganges, Yamuna).

3. Mitigation Measures

• Outline various strategies to combat industrial pollution:
  • Regulatory Framework: Discuss laws like the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
  • Effluent Treatment Plants (ETPs): Explain their role in treating wastewater.
  • Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD): Describe how this technology minimizes waste.
  • Green Technologies: Mention cleaner production techniques.
  • Community Engagement: Highlight the importance of local involvement in monitoring.

4. Government Initiatives

• Detail key government programs aimed at reducing river pollution:
  • Namami Gange Programme: Focus on cleaning the Ganges.
  • National Water Mission: Discuss its objectives related to water conservation and pollution reduction.
  • Pollution Control Boards: Explain their role in regulating industrial discharges.
  • National River Conservation Program (NRCP): Describe its impact on various rivers.

5. Conclusion

• Summarize the importance of addressing industrial pollution.
• Emphasize the need for continued efforts and collaboration between government, industries, and communities.

Relevant Facts

1. Extent of Pollution: According to the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), 46% of India’s rivers are polluted, primarily due to untreated industrial effluents.
2. Health Impact: Water pollution is responsible for approximately 1.5 million deaths annually in India due to preventable waterborne diseases, as reported by the World Bank .
3. Government Spending: The Namami Gange Programme has sanctioned over 150 sewage treatment plants (STPs) to improve the water quality of the Ganga.
4. Regulatory Framework: The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, sets standards for effluent discharge, which has led to improved compliance in various regions.
5. Community Involvement: Local communities have played a crucial role in monitoring pollution levels, as seen in initiatives along the Sabarmati River.

By following this roadmap and utilizing these facts, you can construct a comprehensive and informative answer to the question regarding industrial pollution of river water in India.