Model Answer

Introduction

Millets, recognized by the United Nations as the International Year of Millets in 2023, are vital for enhancing health and nutritional security in India. These ancient grains are not only nutritious but also resilient to climate change, making them a sustainable choice for the future.

Health Security

1. Antioxidant-Rich Composition: Millets are rich in antioxidants, which help reduce oxidative stress and prevent chronic diseases. For example, ragi is known for its high antioxidant content, supporting cellular health.
2. Gluten-Free Alternative: Naturally gluten-free, millets like jowar are suitable for individuals with celiac disease or gluten intolerance, allowing broader dietary options.
3. High Fibre Content: Millets, such as bajra, are rich in dietary fibre, promoting digestion and gut health while preventing constipation.
4. Stabilizing Blood Sugar Levels: With a low glycemic index, millets help regulate blood sugar levels, making them particularly beneficial for diabetes management.
5. Cardiovascular Benefits: Millets can lower cholesterol levels, improving heart health. Pearl millet, for instance, is associated with reducing bad cholesterol.

Nutritional Security

1. Protein-Rich Source: Millets provide a good source of plant-based protein, essential for muscle development and overall body function.
2. Vitamins and Minerals: Packed with vitamins (like B-complex) and minerals (such as magnesium and iron), millets contribute significantly to overall health. Bajra is particularly rich in magnesium, supporting bone health.
3. Combating Anaemia: Rich in iron, millets effectively combat iron-deficiency anaemia, especially among women and children.
4. Micronutrient Rich: Millets contain vital micronutrients; for example, pearl millet is abundant in iron and zinc, crucial for immune function.
5. Sustained Energy Levels: Millets provide slow-releasing carbohydrates, ensuring steady energy throughout the day. Foxtail millet, in particular, helps maintain energy levels without crashes.

Conclusion

Millets are essential for ensuring both health and nutritional security in India. Their adaptability and resilience make them a cornerstone for sustainable agricultural practices, contributing to food security while empowering farmers. Through increased awareness and supportive policies, millets can play a transformative role in the nation’s nutritional landscape.

Relevant Facts

• The United Nations declared 2023 as the International Year of Millets to promote their cultivation and consumption.
• Ragi is rich in antioxidants, which help combat chronic disease.
• Jowar serves as a widely accepted gluten-free grain in India.
• Pearl millet has been shown to reduce bad cholesterol levels, thereby improving heart health.
• Millets like bajra are significant sources of magnesium, aiding in various bodily functions.

By promoting the cultivation and consumption of millets, India can enhance health outcomes and nutritional security for its population.