The constitutional framework and judicial interpretations that guarantee the state’s equal treatment of all religions embody the legal aspects of Indian secularism. Indian secularism entails the state actively defending the right to freedom of religion while upholding a principled distance from all religions, in contrast to the Western understanding of secularism, which frequently suggests a rigid barrier between religion and state. Important clauses in the constitution including Articles 14, 15, 25, 26, 27, and 28 uphold the concepts of freedom of conscience and religion, nondiscrimination based on religion, and equality before the law. India’s devotion to these ideas is reflected in the Preamble to the Indian Constitution, which declares the country to be a secular republic.

Secularism has been reaffirmed by court decisions as a fundamental component of the Constitution, most notably in judgements such as S.R. Bommai v. Union of India and Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala. This dedication is further demonstrated by the state’s laws and customs, which include acknowledging religious holidays and providing assistance to religious organisations. Notwithstanding obstacles such as intergroup violence and discussions surrounding a Uniform Civil Code, the legal system works to preserve secular values, guaranteeing a diverse and welcoming community.