Model Answer

Introduction

To make ethical decisions, it is essential to possess both awareness (consciousness) and an internal moral compass (conscience). While consciousness enables individuals to recognize their environment and situations, conscience guides them in acting according to what is morally right or wrong.

Examples of Consciousness and Conscience in Action

1. Healthcare Professionals
   • For a doctor in a hospital, consciousness involves awareness of available resources, such as emergency medicines. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many doctors faced the ethical dilemma of allocating limited resources. Their conscience guided them to prioritize patients based on medical need rather than personal biases, demonstrating the importance of ethical decision-making in high-stakes situations.
2. Civil Servants
   • Civil servants often navigate ethical dilemmas, such as balancing public interest against personal gain. For instance, a civil servant may need to choose between implementing a policy that benefits the majority or one that supports a marginalized group. Here, both consciousness and conscience are crucial for making decisions that uphold societal welfare.
3. Journalism
   • Journalists must be conscious of the significance of the news they report and verify their facts. Their conscience compels them to maintain fairness and impartiality, even when under pressure to sensationalize stories. Adhering to ethical standards is vital for preserving public trust.
4. Sports Ethics
   • In sports, athletes must be aware of the rules and spirit of fair play. However, their conscience should prevent them from engaging in unethical practices, such as using performance-enhancing drugs, despite external pressures to succeed.

Conclusion

In conclusion, consciousness and conscience together play a vital role in ethical decision-making. By fostering both awareness and a moral sense, individuals can navigate complex ethical dilemmas more effectively, ensuring their actions align with societal values and personal ethics.