Roadmap for Answer Writing

1. Introduction: Understanding PVTGs and the Challenges they Face

• Define PVTGs: Briefly explain what PVTGs are, including their characteristics (e.g., declining or stagnant population, economic backwardness, low literacy, and use of pre-agrarian technology).
• Challenges Faced by PVTGs:
  • Limited Access to Basic Services: Due to their remote habitation, PVTGs struggle with access to housing, water, education, and other essential services.
  • Health Issues: Poor literacy, lack of sanitation, and inadequate healthcare contribute to higher rates of malnutrition and diseases like malaria.
  • Economic Issues: Their traditional occupations are being threatened due to resource depletion and lack of market access.
  • Connectivity and Isolation: Poor infrastructure, limited connectivity, and a lack of road access to remote areas.
  • Government Scheme Challenges: Inefficiencies in the implementation of schemes and lack of awareness among PVTGs.

2. The Role of PM-JANMAN in Addressing PVTG Challenges

Discuss how the PM-JANMAN scheme addresses these issues through the following key features:

a. Provision of Basic Amenities

• The PM-JANMAN scheme focuses on improving the living conditions of PVTGs by providing access to safe housing, clean drinking water, and education.
  • Fact: Many PVTGs in India live in underdeveloped areas with limited access to essential services, and this initiative aims to bridge these gaps.

b. Healthcare Services

• Under PM-JANMAN, the Ministry of Ayush will set up Ayush Wellness Centres and deploy Mobile Medical Units to provide healthcare services in tribal areas.
  • Fact: PVTGs are more prone to health issues like malnutrition and malaria due to poor sanitation and lack of medical services.

c. Skill and Vocational Training

• The scheme promotes vocational training to help PVTGs learn new skills, enabling them to secure sustainable livelihoods and break free from exploitation.
  • Fact: Traditional livelihoods of PVTGs are often threatened, and the lack of market knowledge prevents them from accessing better economic opportunities .

d. Enhanced Connectivity

• PM-JANMAN seeks to improve road connectivity, electricity, and mobile services in remote tribal areas, ensuring that PVTGs have better access to government schemes and social services.
  • Fact: Poor infrastructure hampers the ability of PVTGs to access economic and social services.

3. Inter-Ministerial Convergence for Better Implementation

• Discuss how Inter-Ministerial Convergence ensures coordination between different government departments, with dedicated funds and monitoring mechanisms like the PM Gati Shakti portal.
• Fact: Dedicated funds and monitoring will help overcome the inefficiencies in the delivery of welfare services to PVTGs.

4. Conclusion

• Summarize how the PM-JANMAN scheme plays a crucial role in addressing the socio-economic challenges of PVTGs by improving living standards, healthcare, skills, and connectivity.
• Emphasize that the scheme is designed to uplift the PVTGs and promote their inclusion in mainstream socio-economic activities, which is key to their empowerment.

Key Facts to Use in the Answer

• PVTGs: Tribal communities with declining populations, use of pre-agrarian technology, low literacy, and economic backwardness.
• Challenges Faced: Limited access to housing, water, education, poor healthcare (malnutrition, malaria), and lack of connectivity.
• PM-JANMAN Features:
  • Basic Amenities: Access to housing, water, and education.
  • Healthcare: Ayush Wellness Centres and Mobile Medical Units.
  • Vocational Training: Skill-building opportunities.
  • Infrastructure: Improving roads, mobile services, and electricity.
  • Inter-Ministerial Convergence: Monitoring progress and ensuring accountability.