Roadmap for Answer Writing

Challenges and Measures for PVTGs

1. Introduction

• Define PVTGs and their unique socio-economic position.
• Briefly mention their identification under the Dhebar Commission (1973) and their current count (75 groups).
• State the need for addressing their challenges in the context of inclusive development.

2. Challenges Faced by PVTGs

• Outdated Lists and Overlaps: Highlight the redundancy in classification (e.g., Mankidia and Birhor in Odisha) (Source: Anthropological Survey of India).
• Data Gaps: Note the absence of baseline surveys for 35 of the 75 PVTGs, limiting effective interventions.
• Displacement: Discuss the impact of developmental projects on habitats and livelihoods (Source: Ministry of Tribal Affairs, India).
• Health Issues: Emphasize higher vulnerability to diseases like malaria and anemia, compounded by lack of access to quality healthcare.
• Livelihood Struggles: Reduced access to forest resources and exploitation by middlemen due to limited market awareness.

3. Measures Required

• Data-Driven Policies: Conduct comprehensive surveys on health, education, and socio-economic conditions; develop vulnerability indices for each group.
• Protection of Rights: Strengthen implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) to safeguard traditional habitats and resources.
• Healthcare Focus: Establish community-based healthcare systems tailored to the unique needs of PVTGs.
• Cultural Integration in Education: Create localized curricula that respect PVTG traditions, such as agro-biodiversity and crafts.
• Livelihood Support: Provide market access and eliminate middlemen exploitation through training and cooperatives.
• Collaborative Approach: Engage multiple stakeholders—government, NGOs, and local communities—for time-bound implementation.

4. Relevant Facts

• Population: 75 PVTGs across India; baseline surveys exist for only 40 groups (Source: Anthropological Survey of India).
• Impact of Projects: Tribal groups disproportionately displaced by industrial and infrastructural projects (Source: MoTA reports).

5. Conclusion

• Reiterate the importance of tailored interventions to preserve the cultural and socio-economic fabric of PVTGs.
• Emphasize the need for sustainable, inclusive growth strategies.