Answer the question in maximum 100 words. This question carries 06 marks. [MPPSC 2019]
Describe the religious life of the Indus Valley Civilisation.
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Religious Life of the Indus Valley Civilization
The religious life of the Indus Valley Civilization is not fully understood, as no written records have been found, but evidence suggests a complex belief system.
1. Deities and Rituals
2. Sacred Spaces
Though details are scarce, the religious practices likely involved nature worship, fertility rites, and reverence for deities.
The Indus Valley people had a significant religious life. They practiced an advanced type of religious faith. No monumental structures or temples were unearthed as places of worship. However, they believed in God and worshipped them, which is evident from the statues and figurines found. Mother Goddess (Matridevi/Shakti), the embodiment of power, was the primary deity. In addition, there were also seals excavated of a male god. Pashupati Mahadeva, also called the Lord of Animals (Proto-Shiva), was the male deity who was found to be sitting in a yogic position, surrounded by several animals—an elephant, tiger, rhino, and buffalo. There were also two deer that appeared at his feet. Apart from this, there was evidence of worship of both male and female sex organs—Lingam and Yoni. The people also worshiped plants and animals, particularly pipal and humped bull. It is also believed that there was a prevalence of sacrifices of both humans and animals. The people were also superstitious. They believed in evil forces, charms, spells, etc. To ward off the negative energies, they recommended amulets. The discovery of the Great Bath implied that they performed religious ceremonies after taking a bath in order to purify themselves.