Answer the question in maximum 10 words. This question carries 02 marks. [MPPSC 2021]
Explain Buddhist theory of ‘Idari Pratyayata’.
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All Things are Interdependent Like Condensed Milk in Cover of Tin
The teaching of Idari Pratyayata is another profound teaching within Buddhist philosophy that highlights the interrelatedness and interdependence of all phenomena. “Idari Pratyayata” is not a term you will find directly used in the words of early Buddhist texts, but it is a way to understand the broader principle of “Pratītyasamutpāda,” which refers to “dependent origination” or “dependent arising.” This is one of the basic principles of Buddhism, by which all things arise and pass away by the intricate nexus of causes and conditions.
Dependent Origination (Pratītyasamutpāda)
Dependent roaring is considered by Buddhists to be a basis or basic concept, a principle or system, the basis of the nature of existence, that everything exists, everything feeds and causes the change of things, everyone is should be based on this force and effect plus practice of life. The theory posits that all things are the results of a house of causes and conditions leading up to that event, object, or state of being. Ultimately, nothing exists in a vacuum; all is part of a larger web of interrelation.
They are often explained in the context of the chain of twelve nidanas, a process that explains the cycle of suffering, called dukkha as well as rebirth. These links are:
Avidyā (Ignorance): The absence of clarity about reality.
Saṃskāras (Formations): Intentional actions or karma resulting from ignorance.
Viññāṇa (Consciousness) – The consciousness which is conditioned by the formations.
Nāmarūpa (Name and Form) — the mind and body that emerge from consciousness
Ṣaḍāyatana (Six Sense Bases): The evolution of the five physical senses and also the mind.
Phassa (Contact): The coming together of the senses and its objects.
Vedanā (Feeling): Feelings developed from contact.
Taṇhā (Craving): desire/thirst for pleasant experiences, aversion to unpleasant experiences.
Upādāna (Grasping)—Grasping after craving.
Bhava (Becoming) Creating karma leading to rebirth.
Jāti (Birth) — The consequent birth in another life.
Jarāmaraṇaka (Aging and Death): The decay and death that inevitably follow birth.
This chain of causation is contingent → the previous one is the cause of the next cause, a vicious cycle that just keeps spinning, feeds pain. The cause (samudaya) (of constant suffering): attachment/desire (tanha) (The craving for things we like as well as the avoidance of things we dislike.)The end (nirodha) (of suffering): is achievable and achieved by nirvana (m liberation example freedom from the cycle of rebirths and the four things)The path (magga): (the eightfold paths)Of course, whatever link in this chain is broken, the suffering will cease and liberation will be achieved (nirvana).
The Interconnectedness of All Things
Dependent origination is not limited to the cycle of Suffering but is a principle that includes all existence. It emphasizes the interdependence of all things in the universe and the impossibility of any phenomenon existing without its causes and conditions. For instance, a tree does not grow on its own; it needs seeds, soil, water, sunlight, and proper climate. Likewise, a thought never pops up randomly; it is determined by previous experiences, present conditions and future forecasts.
This interdependence applies not only to physical objects and processes but also mental and emotional states. The environment we live, the people we spend time with, our internal psyche, all contribute to how we think, feel, and act. The reality of this interconnectedness is an essential part of understanding the world and creating a compassionate, careful approach to our lives.
Implications for Buddhist Practice
The above explanation carries profound implications in terms of Buddhist practice and ethics and accordingly we find that dependent origination is recognized as the basic Buddhist view. Realizing the interdependence of all events helps Buddhists learn to be mindful of the circumstances and causes that construct their life. Awareness can help us to realize the impermanence of everything and the non-self nature of reality (anatta).
Mindfulness and Insight: Mindfulness practice is when you are totally in the moment right now, knowing how all things arise interdependently. Such a practice allows for the realization of the impermanent and interdependent aspect of reality.
All beings are interdependent: Realizing the interconnectedness of all beings gives rise to compassion, for the interdependent nature of existence highlights the corresponding basis of suffering and the consequences of one’s actions on others. The understanding of this interdependence then makes ethical actions natural.
The topics must be changed and then be organized in a new way. By this cycle of dependent origination one breaks the cycle of being enlightened where the mind breaks free from ignorance, craving, and attachment.
Conclusion
Idari pratyayata or dependent origination is one of the underlying tenets of Buddhist philosophy: everything arises in dependence on multiple causes and conditions. The concept is contrary to the idea of existent isolation, which advocates a complete world understanding. Through the acknowledgment of interconnectedness, Buddhists are able to develop greater insight into the nature of existence, nurture compassion and pursue an end to suffering. The law of dependent origination is one of the Buddha’s most distinct aspects from the philosophical alloy prevalent in Buddhism that emphasizes occasional helpfulness toward living in a mindful and ethical manner with the goal of achieving nirvana and experiencing authentic peace complemented by liberation.