Describe the features and evolution of Judicial Review in India. (Answer limit: 100 words, Marks 10) [RPSC 2023]
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Judicial Review in India allows the judiciary to assess the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions. Originating from the British legal system, it was explicitly established in India by the Constitution of 1950. The Supreme Court and High Courts possess this power under Articles 32 and 226, respectively. Key cases, such as Kesavananda Bharati (1973) and Minerva Mills (1980), reinforced the doctrine by affirming the supremacy of the Constitution. Judicial Review serves to protect fundamental rights, uphold the rule of law, and maintain checks and balances within the government, ensuring that no law contravenes constitutional provisions.