The implementation of the Permanent Settlement System in Bengal (1793) had several significant effects:

1. Increased Revenue Stability: The British government secured a fixed revenue from landowners (zamindars), leading to more predictable income and efficient tax collection.
2. Agricultural Investment: Landowners were incentivized to invest in agriculture, which initially improved productivity and crop yield.
3. Rise of Zamindars: The system empowered zamindars, creating a new landowning class that often exploited farmers, leading to increased rural inequality and economic hardship for many.
4. Decline of Traditional Rights: Farmers lost many of their traditional rights and security, making them vulnerable to eviction and high taxation.
5. Social Discontent: The system contributed to social unrest and dissatisfaction among peasant communities, laying the groundwork for future agrarian struggles.

Overall, the Permanent Settlement had profound and lasting implications for Bengal’s agrarian structure and society.