The Gorkha rule in Uttarakhand, which lasted from 1770 to 1815, significantly altered the region’s political landscape. Initiated by King Prithvi Narayan Shah of Nepal, Gorkha forces invaded and annexed large parts of Uttarakhand, including Kumaon and Garhwal.

Under Gorkha rule, the local political structure underwent considerable changes. They established a centralized administration, imposing a rigorous taxation system that often burdened farmers and traders, leading to widespread resentment. The Gorkhas aimed to consolidate their power by subjugating local chieftains, which resulted in frequent uprisings and resistance from the indigenous population.

While the Gorkhas improved infrastructure, such as roads and forts, their administration was often perceived as harsh. The imposition of the Nepali language and culture created further cultural tensions, impacting local traditions and languages.

The Gorkha rule faced significant challenges, culminating in the Anglo-Gorkha War (1814-1816). The British, seeking to expand their influence, engaged in conflict with the Gorkhas. Following their defeat, the Treaty of Sugauli in 1815 marked the end of Gorkha’s rule in Uttarakhand, leading to the establishment of British control over the region.

In summary, the political condition of Uttarakhand during Gorkha’s rule was characterized by a blend of administrative centralization, economic hardship, cultural imposition, and eventual conflict with the British, shaping the region’s historical trajectory. The legacy of Gorkha rule continues to influence Uttarakhand’s socio-political landscape even today.