Describe the evolution of India’s maritime transportation industry. [Answer Limit: 125 words] [UKPSC 2012]
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The development of marine transport in India has been crucial for trade and economic growth. Historically, India’s coastal cities served as vital trade hubs, with maritime activities dating back to ancient times. Post-independence, significant strides were made in the maritime sector.
The establishment of the Shipping Corporation of India in 1961 and the Indian Ports Act of 1908 laid the foundation for organized marine transport. Key ports like Mumbai, Kolkata, and Chennai were modernized, enhancing cargo handling capacity.
In recent years, initiatives such as the National Maritime Development Programme have aimed to improve port infrastructure and connectivity. With the rise of containerization and global trade, India’s marine transport continues to evolve, playing a pivotal role in boosting the economy and international trade relations.