A tropical cyclone is a powerful storm system that forms over warm ocean waters in tropical regions, typically between 5° and 20° latitude. These cyclones develop when warm, moist air rises, creating low-pressure areas. As the air cools, it condenses, releasing latent heat and further intensifying the storm.

Tropical cyclones are characterized by strong winds, heavy rainfall, and storm surges, often leading to significant damage and flooding when they make landfall. They have a well-defined center known as the “eye,” where conditions are relatively calm. Examples include hurricanes in the Atlantic and typhoons in the Pacific. Their impact can be devastating, affecting infrastructure, agriculture, and communities, necessitating advanced monitoring and preparedness measures to mitigate risks.