Answer the question in maximum 15 to 20 words. This question carries 03 marks.[MPPSC 2022]
The Montreal Protocol: What Is It?
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On: February 22, 2025
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Indo-US Relation: Areas of Cooperation & Conflicts
Key Areas: Defense, technology, trade, energy, and regional cooperation. Key Areas of Cooperation 1. Defense and Security Transition from buyer-seller to co-production and technology sharing. India as a Major Defense Partner (MDP) and inclusion in STA-1. Access to advanced technologies, ...
On: February 22, 2025
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भारत-अमेरिका संबंध: सहयोग और संघर्ष के क्षेत्र
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On: February 22, 2025
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India’s Disaster Management
The article discusses the growing tensions between the Centre and states regarding disaster relief funding in India. It emphasizes the need for a transparent and equitable disaster management framework. Key Disaster Threats India Faces Increasing Frequency of Extreme Weather Events ...
Montreal Protocol: An Overview
Definition and Purpose The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production and use of substances responsible for ozone depletion. Adopted on September 16, 1987, it represents a significant global effort to address the environmental damage caused by chemicals such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons, and other ozone-depleting substances (ODS).
Key Objectives:
Recent Examples and Achievements
Challenges and Ongoing Efforts
Illegal Trade of ODS:
Global Participation:
Technological Innovation:
Conclusion The Montreal Protocol stands as one of the most successful environmental agreements, demonstrating global cooperation in addressing a critical environmental issue. Its achievements in reducing ozone-depleting substances and its ongoing efforts to address climate change through the Kigali Amendment highlight its significance and continued relevance in global environmental governance.
The Montreal Protocol is an international environmental treaty which aims to protect the earth’s ozone layer by phasing out the production and use of Ozone Depleting substances. Adopted on 15th September 1987, The Montreal protocol stands as the only UN Treaty ever been ratified by all nations on the planet. It has been highly successful, leading to the phase-out of 99% of ODS globally.
Post 1970s, scientists raised their global concern regarding the chemical substances used in air conditioners, refrigerators, and aerosol cans causing damage to the ozone layer. Evident in 1985 when a hole was discovered in the ozone layer over Antarctica Allowing hazardous levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation to reach the earth’s surface. Hence, The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was signed in 1985 under which UN member countries recognized the importance of curbing damage to the ozone layer. As per the Global efforts to
Mitigate Ozone Depletion and convention's provision, Montreal Protocol was adopted to further the goals of the Vienna Convention.
Later Amendments:
Several amendments were done to strengthen the Montreal Protocol, accelerating the phase- out of additional ODS and providing financial and technological assistance to developing countries.
Kigali Amendment: An extension of the Montreal Protocol, aimed at phasing down
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), potent greenhouse gases.
Conclusion:
With continuous global efforts Antarctic ozone hole is showing signs of recovery, indicating the effectiveness of international efforts in mitigating ozone depletion And regular researches into ozone depletion and alternatives to ODS has led to the development of ozone-friendly technologies and practices.
The Montreal Protocol is an international environmental treaty which aims to protect the earth’s ozone layer by phasing out the production and use of Ozone Depleting substances. Adopted on 15th September 1987, The Montreal protocol stands as the only UN Treaty ever been ratified by all nations on the planet. It has been highly successful, leading to the phase-out of 99% of ODS globally.
Post 1970s, scientists raised their global concern regarding the chemical substances used in air conditioners, refrigerators, and aerosol cans causing damage to the ozone layer. Evident in 1985 when a hole was discovered in the ozone layer over Antarctica Allowing hazardous levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation to reach the earth’s surface. Hence, The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was signed in 1985 under which UN member countries recognized the importance of curbing damage to the ozone layer. As per the Global efforts to
Mitigate Ozone Depletion and convention's provision, Montreal Protocol was adopted to further the goals of the Vienna Convention.
Later Amendments:
Several amendments were done to strengthen the Montreal Protocol, accelerating the phase- out of additional ODS and providing financial and technological assistance to developing countries.
Kigali Amendment: An extension of the Montreal Protocol, aimed at phasing down
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), potent greenhouse gases.
Conclusion:
With continuous global efforts Antarctic ozone hole is showing signs of recovery, indicating the effectiveness of international efforts in mitigating ozone depletion And regular researches into ozone depletion and alternatives to ODS has led to the development of ozone-friendly technologies and practices.
The Montreal Protocol is an international environmental treaty which aims to protect the earth’s ozone layer by phasing out the production and use of Ozone Depleting substances. Adopted on 15th September 1987, The Montreal protocol stands as the only UN Treaty ever been ratified by all nations on the planet. It has been highly successful, leading to the phase-out of 99% of ODS globally.
Post 1970s, scientists raised their global concern regarding the chemical substances used in air conditioners, refrigerators, and aerosol cans causing damage to the ozone layer. Evident in 1985 when a hole was discovered in the ozone layer over Antarctica Allowing hazardous levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation to reach the earth’s surface. Hence, The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was signed in 1985 under which UN member countries recognized the importance of curbing damage to the ozone layer. As per the Global efforts to
Mitigate Ozone Depletion and convention's provision, Montreal Protocol was adopted to further the goals of the Vienna Convention.
Later Amendments:
Several amendments were done to strengthen the Montreal Protocol, accelerating the phase- out of additional ODS and providing financial and technological assistance to developing countries.
Kigali Amendment: An extension of the Montreal Protocol, aimed at phasing down
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), potent greenhouse gases.
Conclusion:
With continuous global efforts Antarctic ozone hole is showing signs of recovery, indicating the effectiveness of international efforts in mitigating ozone depletion And regular researches into ozone depletion and alternatives to ODS has led to the development of ozone-friendly technologies and practices.
The Montreal Protocol is an international environmental treaty which aims to protect the earth’s ozone layer by phasing out the production and use of Ozone Depleting substances. Adopted on 15th September 1987, The Montreal protocol stands as the only UN Treaty ever been ratified by all nations on the planet. It has been highly successful, leading to the phase-out of 99% of ODS globally.
Post 1970s, scientists raised their global concern regarding the chemical substances used in air conditioners, refrigerators, and aerosol cans causing damage to the ozone layer. Evident in 1985 when a hole was discovered in the ozone layer over Antarctica Allowing hazardous levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation to reach the earth’s surface. Hence, The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was signed in 1985 under which UN member countries recognized the importance of curbing damage to the ozone layer. As per the Global efforts to
Mitigate Ozone Depletion and convention's provision, Montreal Protocol was adopted to further the goals of the Vienna Convention.
Later Amendments:
Several amendments were done to strengthen the Montreal Protocol, accelerating the phase- out of additional ODS and providing financial and technological assistance to developing countries.
Kigali Amendment: An extension of the Montreal Protocol, aimed at phasing down
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), potent greenhouse gases.
Conclusion:
With continuous global efforts Antarctic ozone hole is showing signs of recovery, indicating the effectiveness of international efforts in mitigating ozone depletion And regular researches into ozone depletion and alternatives to ODS has led to the development of ozone-friendly technologies and practices.
The Montreal Protocol is an international environmental treaty which aims to protect the earth’s ozone layer by phasing out the production and use of Ozone Depleting substances. Adopted on 15th September 1987, The Montreal protocol stands as the only UN Treaty ever been ratified by all nations on the planet. It has been highly successful, leading to the phase-out of 99% of ODS globally.
Post 1970s, scientists raised their global concern regarding the chemical substances used in air conditioners, refrigerators, and aerosol cans causing damage to the ozone layer. Evident in 1985 when a hole was discovered in the ozone layer over Antarctica Allowing hazardous levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation to reach the earth’s surface. Hence, The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was signed in 1985 under which UN member countries recognized the importance of curbing damage to the ozone layer. As per the Global efforts to
Mitigate Ozone Depletion and convention's provision, Montreal Protocol was adopted to further the goals of the Vienna Convention.
Later Amendments:
Several amendments were done to strengthen the Montreal Protocol, accelerating the phase- out of additional ODS and providing financial and technological assistance to developing countries.
Kigali Amendment: An extension of the Montreal Protocol, aimed at phasing down
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), potent greenhouse gases.
Conclusion:
With continuous global efforts Antarctic ozone hole is showing signs of recovery, indicating the effectiveness of international efforts in mitigating ozone depletion And regular researches into ozone depletion and alternatives to ODS has led to the development of ozone-friendly technologies and practices.