In recent years, several alternative mechanisms for dispute resolution have emerged, offering alternatives to traditional litigation. These mechanisms include:

1. Mediation: Mediation involves a neutral third party facilitating negotiations between disputing parties to reach a mutually acceptable solution. It has been effective in resolving conflicts quickly and cost-effectively, particularly in family disputes, commercial disputes, and workplace issues.
2. Arbitration: Arbitration involves parties agreeing to submit their dispute to an arbitrator or a panel of arbitrators whose decision is binding. This mechanism is often used in commercial and international disputes, offering a more streamlined and confidential process compared to court litigation. Its effectiveness is seen in its speed and specialization, especially in complex commercial matters.
3. Conciliation: Similar to mediation, conciliation involves a third party helping the parties to settle their disputes amicably. The conciliator may propose solutions and guide parties towards an agreement. It has proven effective in labor disputes and consumer grievances.
4. Online Dispute Resolution (ODR): With the rise of digital platforms, ODR offers dispute resolution services through online platforms. This mechanism has gained prominence during the COVID-19 pandemic and is effective for resolving disputes remotely, making it accessible and convenient.
5. Community-Based Dispute Resolution: Localized mechanisms, such as village councils or community forums, have been used in various cultures to resolve disputes within the community context. They are effective in maintaining social harmony and resolving issues at a local level.

Overall, these alternative mechanisms have proven effective by offering more flexible, accessible, and efficient ways to resolve disputes compared to traditional litigation, though their effectiveness can vary based on the context and the willingness of parties to engage in the process.